Isolation, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance of Different Clinical Isolates in Savar Area, Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction: The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms, which pose a grave threat, has made choosing antibiotics to treat bacterial infections incredibly challenging. The prescription antibiotics have to consistently be effective against the identified related infections. Thus the research team wanted to find the antibiotic sensitivity profiles and pathogenic bacterial isolates in various patient specimens. Methods: The collection of 403 clinical samples of throat swabs, sputum, blood, stool, and urine from people of both genders and various ages was performed aseptically. Identification was carried out by microscopic, cultural, biochemical, and serological analysis. Finally, the disk diffusion method by Kirby-Bauer was employed to determine antibiotic responsiveness profiling. Results: A total of 93 samples (23.08%) were identified as positive isolates comprising 28.74% (25/87) of urine culture, followed by 24.32% (27/111) of blood, 23.08% (15/65) of stool, 20% (07/35) of throat swabs, and 18.1% (19/105) of sputum culture. Gram-negative bacteria 81(87.1%) showed more prevalence than Gram-positive bacteria 12 (12.90%). The most frequently identified isolates were Klebsiella spp. (24%), Salmonella spp. (23%), E. coli (17%), Pseudomonas spp. (5%), and Enterococcus spp. (3%). The infections showed more prevalence within the age group of 16-46 years (60.2%) and among males (48%) than females (46%). Conclusions: It was found that E. coli was the most abundant bacteria isolated from urine, Klebsiella spp. was the most abundant bacteria isolated from sputum and throat swabs, and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli was the most abundant bacteria isolated from stool. Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Imipenem, and Levofloxacin were considerably effective antibiotics, whereas Cefotaxime, Ceftazidime, Cefuroxime, Mecillinam, and Meropenem were least effective.