Isolation, identification and screening of Actinobacteria in volcanic soil of Deception Island (the Antarctic) for antimicrobial metabolites

Abstract

This project aimed to isolate and characterize volcanic soil Actinobacteria from Deception Island, Antarctic. A total of twenty−four Actinobacteria strains were isolated using four different isolation media (Starch casein agar, R2 agar, Actinomycete isolation agar, Streptomyces agar) and characterized basing on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Tests for second− ary metabolites were performed using well diffusion method to detect antimicrobial activities against eight different pathogens, namely Staphyloccocus aureus ATCC 33591, Bacillus megaterium, Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca, S. enterica serotype Enteritidis, S. enterica serotype Paratyphi ATCC 9150, S. enterica serotype Typhimurium ATCC 14028 and Vibrio cholerae. Antimicrobial properties were detected against Salmonella paratyphi A and Salmonella typhimurium at the concentration of 0.3092±0.08 g/ml. The bioactive strains were identified as Gordonia terrae, Leifsonia soli and Terrabacter lapilli. Results from this study showed that the soil of Deception Island is likely a good source of isolation for Actinobacteria. The volcanic soil Actinobacteria are potentially rich source for discovery of antimicrobial compounds.

Advances in Antarctic Research for Antimicrobial Discovery: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Bacteria from Antarctic Environments as Potential Sources of Novel Antibiotic Compounds Against Human Pathogens and Microorganisms of Industrial Importance

“…These findings confirm the abundant bacterial diversity in Antarctic environments. Comparably, Gordonia terrae , Leifsonia soli , and Terrabacter lapilli isolated from Antarctic volcanic soils showed inhibitory activity against S. enterica serotype Paratyphi and S. enterica serotype Enteritidis [58]. Other marine Actinobacteria have been reported to have antimicrobial activity against numerous human pathogens.…”

Diversity of Streptomyces spp. from mangrove forest of Sarawak (Malaysia) and screening of their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities

“…Streptomycetes are complex filamentous Gram-positive bacteria with morphology resembles those of fungi 11–13 . The complexity of streptomycetes can be observed through their complicated developmental life cycle and their large genome size of more than 8 Mbp with high G + C content,often associated with their ability to prosper and survive in different environments 13–16 . Studies also revealed the presence of over 20 biosynthetic gene clusters related to biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in the large genome of streptomycetes.…”

Bioprospecting of Microbes for Valuable Compounds to Mankind

“…The phylum Actinobacteria signify a significant constituent of the microbial population in most soils [134][135][136][137][138] ; such as the Antarctic region [117][118][119]139] . Also, Actinobacteria present in rhizosphere soil were reported for discovery of antimicrobial agents and other useful metabolites [140][141][142][143][144][145][146][147][148][149][150][151] . The genus Streptomyces exhibited potential as bio-control agent of commercial crops against fungal pathogens [17,152] .…”