Isolation of a new foamy retrovirus from orangutans

McClure, Myra O.; Bieniasz, Paul D.; Schulz, Thomas F.; Chrystie, I. L.; Simpson, Guy R.; Aguzzi, Adriano; Hoad, Julian G.; Cunningham, Anthony L.; Kirkwood, James; Weiss, Robin A.

doi:10.1128/jvi.68.11.7124-7130.1994

Cited by 50 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Foamy viruses have been isolated from all primate species examined [5,34,37,38,53,55,66,68,78]. The tree shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fv Host Range and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foamy virus infection in primates

Murray¹,

Linial²

2006

J of Medical Primatology

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Foamy viruses (FV), the oldest known genus of Retroviridae, are unique among the retroviruses in having no disease association. It is not known why FV are non-pathogenic while infection by their closest relatives can be deadly. This may be related to the estimated 60 million years of coevolution of FV and their primate hosts. We review the current state of knowledge of FV infection, including information about the sites of viral replication and host immune responses, and discuss the role these may play in establishing persistent yet non-pathogenic infections. Whether FV has pathologic consequences in immunosuppressed hosts has not been thoroughly investigated. As most primates in HIV/SIV research are coinfected with FV, investigation into possible interactions between these viruses is of interest. The use of FV as a vector for gene therapy is also discussed.

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“…Foamy viruses have been isolated from all primate species examined [5,34,37,38,53,55,66,68,78]. The tree shown in Fig.…”

Section: Fv Host Range and Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foamy virus infection in primates

Murray¹,

Linial²

2006

J of Medical Primatology

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“…When fibroblastic cells are infected in vitro, foamy virus is highly cytopathic and rapidly induces multinucleated syncytia with a vacuolated foamy appearance in the cytoplasm, eventually killing the cells (4,10). This characteristic cytopathic effect has enabled foamy virus to be isolated from various tissues of infected hosts (25), including peripheral blood lymphocytes (2,7,17,19). However, it is puzzling that the rapid cytopathicity caused by acute virus infection in vitro is usually not found in in vivo animal models, where infection is usually persistent and asymptomatic and accompanied by the presence of circulating neutralizing antibody (4,10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we examined HFV replication in hematopoietic cells, which not only are the main source for isolating viruses from infected hosts (1,2,5,7,12,17,19,24,27) but also are the primary target cells for many other retroviruses. Infec-FIG.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we do not know if the inability to infect B-lymphotropic cells is due to a lack of specific receptors or viral cofactors or to the presence of certain cellular inhibitors that block infection of B cells. Since it has been shown that simian foamy virus type 11 can infect Raji B cells in vitro (17), the difference in cell tropism between simian foamy virus and HFV is intriguing since they are closely related.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Productive persistent infection of hematopoietic cells by human foamy virus

Stone

Linial

1996

J Virol

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Human foamy virus can establish persistent infections in human hematopoietic cell lines, such as H92.1.7 (erythroblastoid cells), Jurkat (CD4 ؉ T cells), and U937 (myeloid-monocytic cells). The infection is characterized by constant production of infectious viruses (for >2 1/2 years) with no cytopathic effects on the host cells. Electron microscopy of the infected cells showed a viral morphology similar to that observed for particles produced after acute infection. We have detected, in addition to the full-length form of bel1, a previously described deletion in the bel1 gene of the proviral DNA in these cells. RNA containing this 301-bp deletion, which mapped to the splice donor and acceptor sites of the intron of the bet gene, was also found in encapsidated virion RNA. However, the presence of this defective provirus harboring the deletion in bel1 does not prevent productive persistence in these chronically infected cells, since the virus titer does not decrease during cultivation.

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“…While FV have been shown to replicate well in fibroblasts and poorly in epithelial cells (21,22,49), viral replication in other cell types, particularly those of the hematopoietic lineages, is not well characterized. Previous reports demonstrated in vitro infection of a small number of malignant cell lines (24,49), but little is known about HFV infection in primary human cells. In addition, a high viral load has been found in the brain (13,30,31) and HFV transgenes are preferentially expressed in the brains of mice (2,4).…”

Section: Foamy Viruses (Fv) Comprise the Third Group Of Complex Humanmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro infection of primary and retrovirus-infected human leukocytes by human foamy virus

Mikovits¹,

Hoffman²,

Rethwilm³

et al. 1996

J Virol

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The infectivity of human foamy virus (HFV) was examined in primary and cultured human leukocytes. Cell-free infectious viral stocks of HFV were prepared from the human kidney cell line 293 transfected with an infectious molecular clone of HFV. HFV productively infects a variety of human myeloid and lymphoid cell lines. In addition, primary cell cultures enriched for human CD4 ؉ , monocytes and brain-derived microglial cells, were readily infected by HFV. Interestingly, while infected primary CD4 ؉ lymphocytes and microglial cells showed marked cytopathology characteristic of foamy virus, HFV-infected monocyte-derived macrophages failed to show any cytopathology. In addition, marked cytotoxicity due to HFV infection was seen in both human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-and human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected T-cell lines and in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected monocytoid cell lines. Thus, HFV infection produces differential cytopathology in a wide host range of primary human leukocytes and hematopoietic cell lines.

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Isolation of a new foamy retrovirus from orangutans

Cited by 50 publications

References 35 publications

Foamy virus infection in primates

Foamy virus infection in primates

Productive persistent infection of hematopoietic cells by human foamy virus

In vitro infection of primary and retrovirus-infected human leukocytes by human foamy virus

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