Isolation of a Novel Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Responsive Precursor from the Embryonic Ventral Forebrain

Chojnacki, Andrew; Weiss, Samuel

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.3302-04.2004

Cited by 54 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, when we isolated cells from the injury site by NG2 or PDGFR␣ surface staining (SI Fig. 6 B and C), no multipotent neurospheres were obtained (0 of 35,000 and 25,000, respectively), even upon addition of PDGF to these cultures (26). These data therefore support the idea that mature astrocytes have a rather unique capacity to dedifferentiate and resume multipotency, in keeping with their developmental origin (27).…”

Section: Fate Mapping Of Quiescent Astrocytes Upon Sw Injury By Lymphsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Origin and progeny of reactive gliosis: A source of multipotent cells in the injured brain

Buffo

Rite

Tripathi

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

698

718

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Reactive gliosis is the universal reaction to brain injury, but the precise origin and subsequent fate of the glial cells reacting to injury are unknown. Astrocytes react to injury by hypertrophy and up-regulation of the glial-fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Whereas mature astrocytes do not normally divide, a subpopulation of the reactive GFAP ؉ cells does so, prompting the question of whether the proliferating GFAP ؉ cells arise from endogenous glial progenitors or from mature astrocytes that start to proliferate in response to brain injury. Here we show by genetic fate mapping and cell type-specific viral targeting that quiescent astrocytes start to proliferate after stab wound injury and contribute to the reactive gliosis and proliferating GFAP ؉ cells. These proliferating astrocytes remain within their lineage in vivo, while a more favorable environment in vitro revealed their multipotency and capacity for self-renewal. Conversely, progenitors present in the adult mouse cerebral cortex labeled by NG2 or the receptor for the plateletderived growth factor (PDGFR␣) did not form neurospheres after (or before) brain injury. Taken together, the first fate-mapping analysis of astrocytes in the adult mouse cerebral cortex shows that some astrocytes acquire stem cell properties after injury and hence may provide a promising cell type to initiate repair after brain injury.astrocytes ͉ cell fate ͉ cerebral cortex ͉ stem cells

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Section: Fate Mapping Of Quiescent Astrocytes Upon Sw Injury By Lymphsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…From hGFAP-eGFP mice, cells expressing NG2 or PDGFR␣ were isolated from either the GFP ϩ or GFP Ϫ cells and were tested for neurosphere formation according to ref. 45 or in the presence of PDGF (26).…”

Section: Lentiviral Vector Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and progeny of reactive gliosis: A source of multipotent cells in the injured brain

Buffo

Rite

Tripathi

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

698

718

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“…To test whether PRL can act on OPCs in the white matter of the adult CNS to increase their proliferation and generation of oligodendrocytes, we isolated PDGF-responsive OPCs in vitro as neurospheres (Chojnacki and Weiss, 2004). The CC of adult virgin females was dissociated and cultured in the presence of PDGF for 10 -12 d in vitro, resulting in the formation of adult OPC neurospheres (Fig.…”

Section: Prl Signaling Regulates Pregnancy-induced Opc Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

White Matter Plasticity and Enhanced Remyelination in the Maternal CNS

Gregg¹,

Shikar²,

Larsen³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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221

171

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Myelination, the process in which oligodendrocytes coat CNS axons with a myelin sheath, represents an important but poorly understood form of neural plasticity that may be sexually dimorphic in the adult CNS. Remission of multiple sclerosis during pregnancy led us to hypothesize that remyelination is enhanced in the maternal brain. Here we report an increase in the generation of myelin-forming oligodendrocytes and in the number of myelinated axons in the maternal murine CNS. Remarkably, pregnant mice have an enhanced ability to remyelinate white matter lesions. The hormone prolactin regulates oligodendrocyte precursor proliferation and mimics the regenerative effects of pregnancy. This suggests that maternal white matter plasticity imparts a striking ability to repair demyelination and identifies prolactin as a potential therapeutic agent.

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“…Termed oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and PDGF-responsive neural precursors (PRPs) (Chojnacki and Weiss, 2004), they are slowly dividing and primarily generate oligodendrocytes (ffrenchConstant and Raff, 1986;Wolswijk and Noble, 1989;Gregg et al, 2007). OPCs/PRPs and adult periventricular NSCs are also thought to be two distinct neural precursor populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was later shown that GFAP-expressing NSCs activated by the cytosine arabinoside-induced death of their progeny, the transit-amplifying progenitors, express the EGF receptor (EGFR) (Pastrana et al, 2009). Furthermore, EGFR and PDGFR␣ label distinct neural precursor populations during embryonic development (Chojnacki and Weiss, 2004) and in the adult periventricular area (Jackson et al, 2006). However, postnatal and adult OPCs/PRPs have now been reported to express EGFR (Aguirre et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PDGFR Expression Distinguishes GFAP-Expressing Neural Stem Cells from PDGF-Responsive Neural Precursors in the Adult Periventricular Area

Chojnacki

Mak²,

Weiss³

2011

Journal of Neuroscience

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Jackson et al. (2006) have reported that adult glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)-expressing neural stem cells (NSCs) also express platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-␣ (PDGFR␣), and that their stimulation by PDGF induced the formation of a glioma-like mass. Here, we reexamined the relationship between PDGFR␣ and GFAP expression within the three-dimensional organization of the adult periventricular area. Using four independent PDGFR␣ antibodies, we found that adult mouse GFAP-expressing NSCs and PDGFR␣-expressing cells represent two distinct populations of neural precursors. Examination of the adult periventricular area in a mouse line that expresses nuclear-localized enhanced green fluorescent protein under the control of the PDGFR␣ promoter confirmed that GFAP-expressing NSCs do not express PDGFR␣. Furthermore, PDGF-responsive neural precursors were found at least one cell layer subjacent to the ependymal layer, and were evenly distributed across the lateral ventricular wall, which contrasts with the reported patchy and often ependymal localization of adult GFAP-expressing NSCs. Adult human PDGFR␣-expressing neural precursors were also found not to express GFAP. PDGF-responsive neural precursors, but not GFAP-expressing NSCs, responded to infusions of PDGF by generating glioma-like masses. Our results do not support the view that GFAP-expressing NSCs are the origin of glioma-like masses that form after intraventricular PDGF infusion.

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Isolation of a Novel Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Responsive Precursor from the Embryonic Ventral Forebrain

Cited by 54 publications

References 57 publications

Origin and progeny of reactive gliosis: A source of multipotent cells in the injured brain

Origin and progeny of reactive gliosis: A source of multipotent cells in the injured brain

White Matter Plasticity and Enhanced Remyelination in the Maternal CNS

PDGFR Expression Distinguishes GFAP-Expressing Neural Stem Cells from PDGF-Responsive Neural Precursors in the Adult Periventricular Area

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