Isolation of a Potential Antifungal Protein Produced by <i>Epichloë festucae</i>, a Fungal Endophyte of Strong Creeping Red Fescue

Tian, Zipeng; Wang, Ruying; Ambrose, Karen; Clarke, Bruce B.; Belanger, Faith C.

doi:10.2134/itsrj2016.08.0723

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The fungal endophyte ( Epichloë festucae ) infecting strong creeping red fescue produces an antifungal protein that is not found in most Epichloë species (Ambrose & Belanger, 2012). This protein may be the key component in dollar spot disease resistance of endophyte‐infected strong creeping red fescue through growth inhibition of the dollar spot pathogen by damaging the plasma membranes (Tian, Wang, Ambrose, Clarke, & Belanger, 2017a, 2017b). These endophyte‐infected species and cultivars should be further explored and used at low‐input sites because endophyte‐infected fine fescues may potentially reduce fungicide use, which, in‐turn, would simplify management practices.…”

Section: Management Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine fescues: A review of the species, their improvement, production, establishment, and management

et al. 2020

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Fine fescues (Festuca L. spp.) comprise a group of five cool-season grasses used in turfgrass systems under many conditions: strong creeping red fescue (F. rubra L. ssp. rubra Gaudin), slender creeping red fescue [F. rubra L. ssp. littoralis (G. Mey.) Auquier], Chewings fescue [F. rubra L. ssp. commutata Gaudin; syn. F. rubra L. ssp. fallax (Thuill.) Nyman], hard fescue (F. brevipila Tracey), and sheep fescue [F. ovina L.; syn. F. ovina L. ssp. hirtula (Hack. ex Travis) M.J. Wilk.]. Their extensive geographic distribution is a result of adaptation to many different environmental and management conditions especially low-input sites. This review summarizes the history, production, establishment, management, use, and availability of fine fescues; discusses strengths and shortcomings of fine fescue; identifies knowledge gaps; and provides an outlook toward further research on this group of grasses. Improved cultivars have been developed in recent years that expand the geographic distribution and uses of species but additional efforts to increase seed yield and improve abiotic and biotic stress tolerances are still needed. Expanded use of fine fescue could be achieved through increased sod production of fine fescue, though current research-based information is limited. Research on fine fescue allelopathy and the contributions of fungal endophytes, both of which could lead to reduced pesticide requirements is important for improved pest management. Future research on fine fescues should focus on implementation and management of new cultivars that possess enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance that will result in fewer inputs and improve the appeal and adoption of these low-input grasses.

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Section: Management Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine fescues: A review of the species, their improvement, production, establishment, and management

et al. 2020

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“…in controlling fungal pathogen Fusarium moniliforme. Antifungal protein designated as Efe-AfpA isolated from Epichloe festucae showed disease resistance against pathogen Sclerotinia homoeocarpa causing dollar spot disease (Tian et al, 2017). Apart from this, many endophytes are widely reported being associated with antibiotic activity.…”

Section: Production Of Secondary Metabolites With Antifungal and Anti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytes and their potential in biotic stress management and crop production

et al. 2022

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Biotic stress is caused by harmful microbes that prevent plants from growing normally and also having numerous negative effects on agriculture crops globally. Many biotic factors such as bacteria, fungi, virus, weeds, insects, and nematodes are the major constrains of stress that tends to increase the reactive oxygen species that affect the physiological and molecular functioning of plants and also led to the decrease in crop productivity. Bacterial and fungal endophytes are the solution to overcome the tasks faced with conventional farming, and these are environment friendly microbial commodities that colonize in plant tissues without causing any damage. Endophytes play an important role in host fitness, uptake of nutrients, synthesis of phytohormone and diminish the injury triggered by pathogens via antibiosis, production of lytic enzymes, secondary metabolites, and hormone activation. They are also reported to help plants in coping with biotic stress, improving crops and soil health, respectively. Therefore, usage of endophytes as biofertilizers and biocontrol agent have developed an eco-friendly substitute to destructive chemicals for plant development and also in mitigation of biotic stress. Thus, this review highlighted the potential role of endophytes as biofertilizers, biocontrol agent, and in mitigation of biotic stress for maintenance of plant development and soil health for sustainable agriculture.

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“…Endophytic fungi were isolated from internal plant tissues using the Towett et al 197 method used by Tian et al (2017). In this method, the leaves and stem of the selected healthy plants were washed in running tap water to remove any soil or other foreign materials and blotted dry.…”

Section: Isolation Of Endophytic Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

New naphthalene derivative isolated from Diaporthe sp. host to Syzygium cordatum Hochst.ex Krauss plant

Erick¹,

Kiplimo²,

Matasyoh³

2021

J. Med. Plants Res.

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Fungal endophytes are regarded as inexhaustible sources of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals with profound antibacterial, anticancer or antifungal activities. Diaporthe sp., an endophytic fungus residing in medicinal plant S. cordatum, showed a good antagonism against bacterial pathogens of beans; Pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicola (Psp) and Xanthomonas axonopodis pv phaseoli (Xap), with zones of inhibitions of 14.00 ± 1.15 and 17.00 ± 0.58 mm against the test organisms respectively. Large scale fermentation of Diaporthe sp. was performed on rice media after which ultrasonic extraction on methanol was done to yield methanol crude extract. Methanol crude extract was then partitioned between hexane and ethyl acetate to yield their respective crude extracts. Ethyl acetate fraction of Diaporthe sp. yielded one new naphthalene derivative compound which was accorded IUPAC name as 3-methoxy-5-methylnaphthalene-1, 7-diol after series of purifications on column chromatography as well as preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (pHPLC). Structure determination of isolated compounds was performed on 1D and 2D Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments as well as a mass spectrometer to affirm its molecular mass. The F3 that yielded compound 1 had palpable antibacterial activities against Psp and Xap, with corresponding Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of 2.50 mg/ml (7.00 ± 0.00 mm) and 1.25 mg/ml (7.67 ± 0.33 mm) against the tests organisms respectively. These slight MIC values are chiefly attributed to the presence of active secondary metabolites in the fungal extracts that act against the test pathogens. This has therefore confirmed that fungal endophytes and their extractives have desirable antibacterial activities hence can be used in the formulation of agrochemicals or used as bio-control agents in crop protection especially in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L).

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Isolation of a Potential Antifungal Protein Produced by Epichloë festucae, a Fungal Endophyte of Strong Creeping Red Fescue

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Fine fescues: A review of the species, their improvement, production, establishment, and management

Fine fescues: A review of the species, their improvement, production, establishment, and management

Endophytes and their potential in biotic stress management and crop production

New naphthalene derivative isolated from Diaporthe sp. host to Syzygium cordatum Hochst.ex Krauss plant

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