Isolation of a third isoenzyme of soybean lipoxygenase

Christopher, John P.; Pistorius, Elfriede K.; Axelrod, Bernard

doi:10.1016/0005-2744(72)90045-9

Cited by 136 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Although multiple isozymes of lipoxygenase have been identified in many plant species (Christopher et al, 1970;Ida et al, 1983;Yamamoto and Tani, 1986;Mulliez et al, 1987;Domoney et al, 1990;Todd et al, 1990), the physiological role of any specific plant lipoxygenase isozyme has yet to be established. Because lipoxygenase is required in the biosynthesis of JA in plants (Vick and Zimmerman, 1987), one or more lipoxygenase isozymes present within a given plant species must be involved in JA biosynthesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…lipoxygenase isozymes have been the most intensively studied among plant lipoxygenases. In mature soybean seeds, three to four lipoxygenase isozymes are present, and during seed germination, three additional isozymes appear in soybean cotyledons (Christopher et al, 1970(Christopher et al, , 1972Kato et al, 1992b). In addition, multiple isozymes have been identified in soybean hypocotyls.…”

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The Lipoxygenase Isozymes in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Leaves (Changes during Leaf Development, after Wounding, and following Reproductive Sink Removal)

Saravitz

Siedow

1995

Plant Physiol.

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The levels of individual lipoxygenase isozymes in soybean [Clycine max (1.) Merr.] leaves were assessed during leaf development, after mechanical wounding, and i n response to reproductive sink removal. Native isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting was employed to examine individual lipoxygenase isozymes. In leaves of all ages, two distinct classes of lipoxygenase isozymes were detected. One class of lipoxygenase isozymes had nearly neutral isoelectric points (pls) ranging from pH 6.8 to 7.2. The other class of lipoxygenase isozymes had acidic pls ranging from pH 4.7 to 5.6. During leaf development, all of the neutral lipoxygenase isozymes and most of the acidic isozymes were present in greatest abundance in the youngest leaves examined and declined in amount as leaf age increased. However, four acidic lipoxygenase isozymes (pl = 4.70, 4.80, 4.90, 4.95) were more abundant in intermediateage leaves than in either the youngest or oldest leaves examined.Following mechanical wounding of leaves, these same four acidic isozymes also increased i n abundance both locally and systemically in leaves from wounded plants. Unlike the specific effects of wounding on the lipoxygenase isozymes in leaves, reproductive sink removal stimulated a general increase in most of the acidic lipoxygenase isozymes in leaves.

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confidence: 99%

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The Lipoxygenase Isozymes in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Leaves (Changes during Leaf Development, after Wounding, and following Reproductive Sink Removal)

Saravitz

Siedow

1995

Plant Physiol.

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“…Contudo, a atividade apresentou-se maior em pH 6,0 nos tratamentos. Christopher et al (1972), utilizando ácido linoléico como substrato das lipoxigenases de sementes de soja, demonstraram que a LOX 1 tem atividade máxima em pH 9,5, a LOX 2 em pH 6,5 e a LOX 3 possui máxima atividade numa ampla faixa de pH, ou seja, 5,0 a 9,0.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Caracterização bioquímica e cinética de lipoxigenases de plantas de soja submetidas à aplicação de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados

Batista

Oliveira

Pires

et al. 2002

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade da planta de soja em responder à aplicação de ácidos graxos, substratos das lipoxigenases, pela "via das lipoxigenases" por meio da caracterização bioquímica e cinética do "pool" das lipoxigenases foliares. Dois genótipos de soja foram usados: um normal (variedade IAC-100) e outro desprovido das três lipoxigenases nas sementes (genótipo IAC-100 TN). As plantas foram tratadas com os ácidos araquidônico, linoléico e linolênico, no início do estádio V2 de desenvolvimento, até atingirem o estádio V3. Em seguida, os trifolíolos foram coletados 0, 24 e 48 horas após a última aplicação dos ácidos graxos. Os resultados mostraram um pico de atividade das lipoxigenases a pH 6,0 e 25°C de temperatura. Os valores de atividade das lipoxigenases nos dois genótipos foram maiores nos tratamentos que nos respectivos controles, e os valores de K M app diminuíram 48 horas após a última aplicação dos ácidos linoléico e linolênico no tratamento em relação ao controle. Estes resultados sugerem que a planta de soja responde à aplicação de ácidos graxos nas folhas, com o aumento na atividade das lipoxigenases, e que a remoção das lipoxigenases da semente não afetou a resposta da planta a esse tipo de tratamento, uma vez que IAC-100 e IAC-100 TN apresentaram comportamentos bioquímico e cinético semelhantes.

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“…Two other LOX isozymes, LOX-2 and LOX-3, exist in soybeans with pH optima near neutrality (Christopher et al, 1972). Using the procedure of Axelrod et al (1981), two peaks of activity eluted early from the first of two DEAESephadex columns used.…”

Section: Chiral Analysis Of 4-hpnementioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Lipoxygenase-1 Oxidizes 3Z-Nonenal

Gardner

Grove

1998

Plant Physiology

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In previous work with soybean (Glycine max), it was reported that the initial product of 3Z-nonenal (NON) oxidation is 4-hydroperoxy-2E-nonenal (4-HPNE). 4-HPNE can be converted to 4-hydroxy-2E-nonenal by a hydroperoxide-dependent peroxygenase. In the present work we have attempted to purify the 4-HPNEproducing oxygenase from soybean seed. Chromatography on various supports had shown that O 2 uptake with NON substrate consistently coincided with lipoxygenase (LOX)-1 activity. Compared with oxidation of LOX's preferred substrate, linoleic acid, the activity with NON was about 400-to 1000-fold less. Rather than obtaining the expected 4-HPNE, 4-oxo-2E-nonenal was the principal product of NON oxidation, presumably arising from the enzyme-generated alkoxyl radical of 4-HPNE. In further work a precipitous drop in activity was noted upon dilution of LOX-1 concentration; however, activity could be enhanced by spiking the reaction with 13S-hydroperoxy-9Z,11E-octadecadienoic acid. Under these conditions the principal product of NON oxidation shifted to the expected 4-HPNE. 4-HPNE was demonstrated to be 83% of the 4S-hydroperoxy-stereoisomer. Therefore, LOX-1 is also a 3Z-alkenal oxygenase, and it exerts the same stereospecificity of oxidation as it does with polyunsaturated fatty acids. Two other LOX isozymes of soybean seed were also found to oxidize NON to 4-HPNE with an excess of 4S-hydroperoxy-stereoisomer.In the past animal researchers have spent considerable effort on 4-HNE research because of its cytotoxicity and mutagenicity (Esterbauer et al., 1991). More recently, 4-HNE has been implicated as a lipid signal because it activates phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase-C (Rossi et al., 1994) and phospholipase-D (Natarajan et al., 1993), and triggers Ca 2ϩ influx in hepatocytes (Carini et al., 1996). Despite the interest in 4-HNE, a biosynthetic pathway in animals has not been found. In plants the biosynthetic route originates with oxidation of linoleic acid by 9-specific LOX leading to NON by hydroperoxide lyase cleavage. Subsequently, NON is oxidized by a "3Z-alkenal oxygenase" and the resultant 4-HPNE is reduced by a hydroperoxide-dependent peroxygenase (Gardner et al., 1991;Gardner and Hamberg, 1993;Takamura and Gardner, 1996). In a second pathway, the higher oxidation state of 4-HPNE is utilized by peroxygenase to oxidize NON to 3,4-epoxynonanal, which subsequently rearranges into 4-HNE (Gardner and Hamberg, 1993). To our knowledge, the specific enzymes involved in 4-HNE formation have not previously been isolated and characterized. In an attempt to isolate the proposed first enzyme, a 3Z-alkenal oxygenase, we found strong evidence that 3Z-alkenal oxidizing activity was identical with soybean (Glycine max) LOX-1 activity. Additional data pointed to the possible existence of other NON oxidizing activity, including the other LOX isozymes of soybean. This research was communicated in part at Plant Biology '97 in Vancouver, British Columbia (Gardner and Grove, 1997). MATERIALS AND METHODSLOX-1 from soybean (Glycin...

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Isolation of a third isoenzyme of soybean lipoxygenase

Cited by 136 publications

References 10 publications

The Lipoxygenase Isozymes in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Leaves (Changes during Leaf Development, after Wounding, and following Reproductive Sink Removal)

The Lipoxygenase Isozymes in Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Leaves (Changes during Leaf Development, after Wounding, and following Reproductive Sink Removal)

Caracterização bioquímica e cinética de lipoxigenases de plantas de soja submetidas à aplicação de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados

Soybean Lipoxygenase-1 Oxidizes 3Z-Nonenal

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