Isolation of amoebae from edible mushrooms

Napolitano, Joseph J.

doi:10.1128/aem.44.1.255-257.1982

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Phyllosphere protists are characterized by diurnal life cycles usually with active periods of a few hours at nighttime when dew accumulates on plant leaves (Mueller and Mueller, 1970). Although the occurrence of phyllosphere protists has long been recognized (Bamforth, 1973), they have been studied until now in terms of their potential as human pathogens or vectors of bacterial pathogens on vegetables (Ciurea-Van Saanen, 1981;Napolitano, 1982;Rude et al, 1983;Napolitano and Collettieggolt, 1984;Gourabathini et al, 2008;Vaerewijck et al, 2011;Vaerewijck and Houf, 2014), while their function as bacterivores remained unknown. This is a thoughtful failing knowing that bacteria from the aboveground surface of plants are known to regulate leaf surface characteristics by the production of surfactants (Schreiber et al, 2005), phytohormones (Lindow and Brandl, 2003) and toxins (Blanvillain et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing of leaf‐associated Cercomonads (Protists: Rhizaria: Cercozoa) structures bacterial community composition and function

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Bass

Bonkowski

2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Preferential food selection in protists is well documented, but we still lack basic understanding on how protist predation modifies the taxonomic and functional composition of bacterial communities. We conducted feeding trials using leaf-associated cercomonad Cercozoa by incubating them on a standardized, diverse bacterial community washed from plant leaves. We used a shotgun metagenomics approach to investigate the taxonomic and functional changes of the bacterial community after five days protist predation on bacteria. Predation-induced shifts in bacterial community composition could be linked to phenotypic protist traits. Protist reproduction rate, morphological plasticity and cell speed were most important in determining bacterial community composition. Analyses of co-occurrence patterns showed less complex correlations between bacterial taxa in the protist-grazed treatments with a higher proportion of positive correlations than in non-grazed controls, suggesting that predation reduced the influence of strong competitors. Protist predation influenced 14 metabolic core functions including membrane transport from which type VI secretion systems were in particular upregulated. In view of the functional importance of bacterial communities in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of plants, a more detailed understanding of predator-prey interactions, changes in microbial composition and function, and subsequent repercussions on plant performance are clearly required.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing of leaf‐associated Cercomonads (Protists: Rhizaria: Cercozoa) structures bacterial community composition and function

Flues

Bass

Bonkowski

2017

Environmental Microbiology

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“…oryzae for pathogen control. Both organisms are found in soil, plant debris or on the surfaces of plants [ 4 , 14 , 28 , 29 ], thus it is plausible that there is contact between the amoebae and the bacteria. As detailed above, there are several possible scenarios for outcomes following amoebae-bacteria contact, but these are not known for X .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of free-living amoebae with rice bacterial pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars oryzae and oryzicola

et al. 2018

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BackgroundFree-living amoebae (FLA) are voracious feeders, consuming bacteria and other microbes during colonization of the phytobiome. FLA are also known to secrete bacteriocidal or bacteriostatic compounds into their growth environment.Methodology and principal findingsHere, we explore the impacts of co-cultivation of five FLA species, including Acanthamoeba castellanii, A. lenticulata, A. polyphaga, Dictyostelium discoideum and Vermamoeba vermiformis, on survival of two devastating bacterial pathogens of rice, Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars (pv.) oryzae and oryzicola. In co-cultivation assays, the five FLA species were either bacteriostatic or bactericidal to X. oryzae pv. oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. Despite these effects, bacteria were rarely detected inside amoebal cells. Furthermore, amoebae did not disrupt X. oryzae biofilms. The bactericidal effects persisted when bacteria were added to a cell-free supernatant from amoebal cultures, suggesting some amoebae produce an extracellular bactericidal compound.Conclusions/SignificanceThis work establishes novel, basal dynamics between important plant pathogenic bacteria and diverse amoebae, and lays the framework for future mechanistic studies.

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“…However, systematic reports on protists in the phyllosphere are scarce and phyllosphere protists have been mainly studied in terms of their potential as human pathogens or vectors of bacterial pathogens on vegetables (Ciurea‐Van Saanen ; Gourabathini et al. ; Napolitano ; Napolitano and Collettieggolt ; Rude et al. ; Vaerewijck et al.…”

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confidence: 99%

Diversity of Cercomonad Species in the Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere of Different Plant Species with a Description of Neocercomonas epiphylla (Cercozoa, Rhizaria) a Leaf‐Associated Protist

Flues

Blokker

Dumack

et al. 2018

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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Cercomonads are among the most abundant and diverse groups of heterotrophic flagellates in terrestrial systems and show an affinity to plants. However, we still lack basic knowledge of plant-associated protists. We isolated 75 Cercomonadida strains from the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of plants from three functional groups: grasses (Poa sp.), legumes (Trifolium sp.) and forbs (Plantago sp.), representing 28 OTUs from the genera Cercomonas, Neocercomonas and Paracercomonas. The community composition differed clearly between phyllosphere and rhizosphere, but was not influenced by plant species identity. From these isolates we describe three novel cercomonad species including Neocercomonas epiphylla that was consistently and exclusively isolated from the phyllosphere. For each new species we provide a detailed morphological description as well as an 18S rDNA gene sequence as a distinct marker of species identity. Our data contribute to a better resolution of the systematics of cercomonads and their association with plants, by describing three novel species and adding gene sequences of 10 new cercomonad genotypes and of nine previously described species. In view of the functional importance of cercozoan communities in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of plants, a more detailed understanding of their composition, function and predator-prey interactions are clearly required.

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Isolation of amoebae from edible mushrooms

Cited by 14 publications

References 2 publications

Grazing of leaf‐associated Cercomonads (Protists: Rhizaria: Cercozoa) structures bacterial community composition and function

Grazing of leaf‐associated Cercomonads (Protists: Rhizaria: Cercozoa) structures bacterial community composition and function

Interactions of free-living amoebae with rice bacterial pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars oryzae and oryzicola

Diversity of Cercomonad Species in the Phyllosphere and Rhizosphere of Different Plant Species with a Description of Neocercomonas epiphylla (Cercozoa, Rhizaria) a Leaf‐Associated Protist

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