Isolation Of AspergillusFlavusfrom Dairy Cattle Feed And Assessment Of Aflatoxin M1 In Milk From Small Dairy Farms Around Harare, Zimbabwe

Gufe, Claudious

doi:10.24966/amr-694x/100009

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Firstly, they may have a detrimental impact on dairy cattle health, such as decreased feeding efficiency, reduced milk yield, immunosuppression, weight loss, laminitis, low fertility, and abortion [ 2 , 9 , 10 ]. Secondly, they may compromise the food supply chain as a result of their transfer from feed to milk and milk products [ 11 , 12 , 13 ] owing to their tolerance to high temperatures [ 14 ], making milk production operations inadequate and ineffective for their complete elimination during milk production and processing [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. As a result, humans are exposed to these toxins through the consumption of contaminated meat, milk, and milk products.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Geographical Impact on the Mycotoxigenicity of Aspergillus and Fusarium Species Isolated from Smallholder Dairy Cattle Feeds and Feedstuffs in Free State and Limpopo Provinces of South Africa

Adelusi

Gbashi

Adebo

et al. 2023

Toxins

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This study evaluated the impact of seasonal and geographical variations on the toxigenicity of Aspergillus and Fusarium strains previously isolated from smallholder dairy cattle feeds and feedstuffs sampled during summer and winter in the Free State and Limpopo provinces of South Africa (SA). In total, 112 potential toxigenic fungal species were obtained and determined for their capability to produce mycotoxins on solid Czapek Yeast Extract Agar (CYA); followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Our result revealed that 41.96% of the fungal species produced their respective mycotoxins, including aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), and zearalenone (ZEN), with higher levels of AFB1 (0.22 to 1045.80 µg/kg) and AFB2 (0.11 to 3.44 µg/kg) produced by fungal species isolated from summer samples than those in winter [(0.69 to 14.44 µg/kg) and (0.21 to 2.26 µg/kg), respectively]. The same pattern was also observed for AFB1 and AFB2 in Limpopo (0.43 to 1045.80 µg/kg and 0.13 to 3.44 µg/kg) and Free State (0.22 to 576.14 µg/kg and 0.11 to 2.82 µg/kg), respectively. More so, ZEN concentrations in summer (7.75 to 97.18 µg/kg) were higher than in winter (5.20 to 15.90 µg/kg). A similar observation was also noted for ZEN in Limpopo (7.80 to 97.18 µg/kg) and Free State (5.20 to 15.90 µg/kg). These findings were confirmed via Welch and Brown-Forsythe tests with significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher mycotoxin levels produced by fungal strains obtained in samples during summer than those in winter. In contrast, the concentrations of mycotoxins produced by the fungal species from both provinces were not significantly (p > 0.05) different.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and Geographical Impact on the Mycotoxigenicity of Aspergillus and Fusarium Species Isolated from Smallholder Dairy Cattle Feeds and Feedstuffs in Free State and Limpopo Provinces of South Africa

Adelusi

Gbashi

Adebo

et al. 2023

Toxins

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Aspergillus species contamination in concentrate feeds collected from specialized dairy farms and local markets in selected urban centers of eastern Ethiopia

Tesfaye,

Mohammed,

Yusuf

et al. 2024

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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This study aimed to identify and examine the prevalence of Aspergillus species in three types of feed collected from specialized dairy farms and local markets in Chiro town, Dire Dawa, and Harar cities in eastern Ethiopia. A total of 180 dairy feed samples were collected and sown, initially on YES agar and then sub-cultured to AFPA to identify Aspergillus species based on colony color, conidia, vesicle, and phialide features. Additionally, the aflatoxigenic potential of the colonies was tested using CAM-based UV fluorescence. The study revealed that the prevalence of Aspergillus species was 80.6% in dairy feeds with a mean count of 3.04 log10cfu/g. Among the identified species, A. flavus was found to be highly prevalent (80%) in the feed with a mean of 2.73 log10cfu/g (7.45 × 103 cfu/g). Meanwhile, A. parasiticus and A. niger were observed in 73.3% (mean 2.43 log10cfu/g) and 58.3% (mean 1.68 log10cfu/g) of feeds, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence rates of all Aspergillus species in feeds were not significant (p > 0.05) among the study sites and feed sources. However, the mean count of total Aspergillus (3.47 ± 1.34 log10cfu/g), A. flavus (3.20 ± 1.27 log10cfu/g), and A. parasiticus (2.82 ± 1.41 log10cfu/g) was significantly higher in feeds from Dire Dawa city. Additionally, both the prevalence rates and mean counts of total Aspergillus (37.9% and 3.65 ± 1.16 log10cfu/g), A. flavus (38.2% and 3.26 ± 1.12 log10cfu/g), A. parasiticus (38.6% and 2.98 ± 1.34 log10cfu/g), and A. niger (37.1% and 2.11 ± 1.57 log10cfu/g) in total mixed ration were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in other feed types. Out of the screened Aspergillus colonies, 81.42% were found to be aflatoxigenic, with 58.32% belonging to A. flavus and 41.68% to A. parasiticus. Therefore, widespread contamination of Aspergillus species in dairy feeds across the study sites raises food safety and public health concerns, which highlights the urgent need for stringent measures in feed quality control to curb its prevalence and the risk of aflatoxin exposure.

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Seasonal Diversity and Occurrence of Filamentous Fungi in Smallholder Dairy Cattle Feeds and Feedstuffs in South Africa

Adelusi

Gbashi

Adebiyi

et al. 2022

JoF

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This study investigated 65 (35 in summer and 30 in winter) smallholder dairy cattle feeds from Free State and Limpopo provinces in South Africa from 2018 to 2019 for fungal contamination and assessed the impacts of seasonal variation on fungal contamination levels, isolation frequency, and diversity. Samples were examined for fungal contamination using macro- and microscopic approaches, and their identities were confirmed by molecular means. A total of 217 fungal isolates from 14 genera, including Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium, were recovered from feeds from both seasons. The most prevalent fungal species recovered were A. fumigatus and P. crustosum. Mycological analyses showed that 97% of samples were contaminated with one or more fungal isolates, with the summer fungal mean level (6.1 × 103 to 3.0 × 106 CFU/g) higher than that of feeds sampled during winter (mean level: 1.1 × 103 to 4.1 × 105 CFU/g). Independent sample t-test revealed that the isolation frequencies of the genera Aspergillus and Fusarium were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher in summer than winter, while Penicillium prevalence in both seasons was not statistically (p > 0.05) different. Furthermore, the Shannon–Weiner diversity index (H′) revealed a higher fungal diversity in summer (H′ = 2.8) than in winter (H′ = 2.1). This study on fungal contamination could be used for future fungal control and mycotoxin risk management in South Africa.

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Isolation Of AspergillusFlavusfrom Dairy Cattle Feed And Assessment Of Aflatoxin M1 In Milk From Small Dairy Farms Around Harare, Zimbabwe

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Seasonal and Geographical Impact on the Mycotoxigenicity of Aspergillus and Fusarium Species Isolated from Smallholder Dairy Cattle Feeds and Feedstuffs in Free State and Limpopo Provinces of South Africa

Seasonal and Geographical Impact on the Mycotoxigenicity of Aspergillus and Fusarium Species Isolated from Smallholder Dairy Cattle Feeds and Feedstuffs in Free State and Limpopo Provinces of South Africa

Aspergillus species contamination in concentrate feeds collected from specialized dairy farms and local markets in selected urban centers of eastern Ethiopia

Seasonal Diversity and Occurrence of Filamentous Fungi in Smallholder Dairy Cattle Feeds and Feedstuffs in South Africa

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