Isolation of avian bornaviruses from psittacine birds using QT6 quail cells in Japan

Horie, Masayuki; Sassa, Yukiko; Iki, Haruko; Ebisawa, Kazumasa; Fukushi, Hideto; Yanai, Tokuma; Tomonaga, Keizō

doi:10.1292/jvms.15-0372

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Isolation of infectious virus is possible from organ samples [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 86 , 217 ] as well as from samples collected intra vitam, such as cloacal and pharyngeal swabs and blood samples [ 18 , 19 ]. A broad range of avian cell lines may be used for this purpose, including CEC-32 quail fibroblasts, QM7 quail muscle cells, QT6 and QT35 quail fibroblasts, DF-1 chicken fibroblasts, CCL-141 duck fibroblasts and primary duck embryo fibroblasts [ 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 23 , 86 , 217 , 220 , 221 , 222 ]. In contrast, avian bornaviruses replicate only inefficiently in mammalian cells [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 86 ].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Avian Bornavirus Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Bornavirus Research—A Comprehensive Review

Rubbenstroth

2022

Viruses

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Avian bornaviruses constitute a genetically diverse group of at least 15 viruses belonging to the genus Orthobornavirus within the family Bornaviridae. After the discovery of the first avian bornaviruses in diseased psittacines in 2008, further viruses have been detected in passerines and aquatic birds. Parrot bornaviruses (PaBVs) possess the highest veterinary relevance amongst the avian bornaviruses as the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD). PDD is a chronic and often fatal disease that may engulf a broad range of clinical presentations, typically including neurologic signs as well as impaired gastrointestinal motility, leading to proventricular dilatation. It occurs worldwide in captive psittacine populations and threatens private bird collections, zoological gardens and rehabilitation projects of endangered species. In contrast, only little is known about the pathogenic roles of passerine and waterbird bornaviruses. This comprehensive review summarizes the current knowledge on avian bornavirus infections, including their taxonomy, pathogenesis of associated diseases, epidemiology, diagnostic strategies and recent developments on prophylactic and therapeutic countermeasures.

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Section: Diagnosis Of Avian Bornavirus Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Avian Bornavirus Research—A Comprehensive Review

Rubbenstroth

2022

Viruses

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“…OL cell lines persistently infected with BoDV-1 were obtained via the reverse genetics system of strain He/80, as reported previously [ 27 ]. QT6 cell lines persistently infected with each avian orthobornavirus, were obtained by establishing persistent infection with PaBV-2 strain KOKO, PaBV-4 strain 7I6, and MuBV-1 in the cells, and these cell lines were maintained under the same conditions as the corresponding parental cell lines [ 28 ]. These cells produced infectious viruses, and > 90% of the cells were infected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary Selection of the Nuclear Localization Signal in the Viral Nucleoprotein Leads to Host Adaptation of the Genus Orthobornavirus

Komorizono

Sassa

Horie

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Adaptation of the viral life cycle to host cells is necessary for efficient viral infection and replication. This evolutionary process has contributed to the mechanism for determining the host range of viruses. Orthobornaviruses, members of the family Bornaviridae, are non-segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses, and several genotypes have been isolated from different vertebrate species. Previous studies revealed that some genotypes isolated from avian species can replicate in mammalian cell lines, suggesting the zoonotic potential of avian orthobornaviruses. However, the mechanism by which the host specificity of orthobornaviruses is determined has not yet been identified. In this study, we found that the infectivity of orthobornaviruses is not determined at the viral entry step, mediated by the viral glycoprotein and matrix protein. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the nuclear localization signal (NLS) sequence in the viral nucleoprotein (N) has evolved under natural selection and determines the host-specific viral polymerase activity. A chimeric mammalian orthobornavirus, which has the NLS sequence of avian orthobornavirus N, exhibited a reduced propagation efficiency in mammalian cells. Our findings indicated that nuclear transport of the viral N is a determinant of the host range of orthobornaviruses, providing insights into the evolution and host adaptation of orthobornaviruses.

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“…PaBV-4 is the predominant strain in parrots; therefore, the PaBV-4 NTUCL7 strain was used for an ICC assay using a previously described method, with some modifications [26][27][28]. Briefly, QM7 cells were seeded in 96 flatwell plates and infected with PaBV-4 NTUCL7 strain at a multiplicity of infection of 0.05.…”

Section: Icc Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological Surveillance and Risk Factor Analysis for Parrot Bornavirus in Taiwan

Chen,

Wu,

Fang

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Parrots are traded globally and pose a substantial risk for disease transmission involving parrot-specific pathogens. Parrot bornavirus (PaBV) belongs to the Bornaviridae family and encompasses two clades: alphapsittaciforme (PaBV-1 to -4, PaBV-7, and -8) and betapsittaciforme (PaBV-5 and PaBV-6). These clades cause proventricular dilatation disease, a chronic disease affecting all parrot species. PaBV infections can persist for varying durations in parrots, but the transmission routes are still not well understood. Therefore, surveillance of PaBV-infected parrots is necessary for disease control and improving psittacine aviculture. This study used isolated PaBV-4 NTUCL7 and PaBV-5 NTUCL54 strains to establish and validate two serological diagnostic methods: immunoblotting (IB) and immunocytochemical staining (ICC). To determine the prevalence of PaBV in parrots in Taiwan, 370 clinical serum samples were collected from 13 collaborative veterinary hospitals during a 1-year surveillance period. Serological surveillance revealed a seropositivity rate of 25.68%. Among the seropositive samples, 91.58% were infected with alphapsittaciforme PaBV, demonstrating the predominance of this viral clade in parrots. An analysis of risk factors also demonstrated an association between seropositivity and parrot genera, age, and clinical signs. Cohen’s kappa coefficient analysis showed a high degree of similarity (kappa value = 0.975) between the IB and ICC results, which shows that these serological diagnostic measures are robust. This study established two reliable serological diagnostic measures that are instrumental in serological surveillance, particularly in one of the major parrot-exporting regions. The surveillance results increase the understanding of PaBV infection and associated risk factors and allow methods to be devised for the conservation and protection of parrot populations.

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Isolation of avian bornaviruses from psittacine birds using QT6 quail cells in Japan

Cited by 8 publications

References 17 publications

Avian Bornavirus Research—A Comprehensive Review

Avian Bornavirus Research—A Comprehensive Review

Evolutionary Selection of the Nuclear Localization Signal in the Viral Nucleoprotein Leads to Host Adaptation of the Genus Orthobornavirus

Serological Surveillance and Risk Factor Analysis for Parrot Bornavirus in Taiwan

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