Isolation of Bioactive Compounds from Calicotome villosa Stems

Abstract

A phenylethanoid, two steroids, a flavone glucoside and a chalcone have been isolated for the first time from the stems of Calicotome villosa together with a previously isolated flavone glucoside. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses (NMR, HRMS) as basalethanoïd B (1), β-sitosterol and stigmasterol (2), chrysine-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), chrysine 7-((6′′-O-acetyl)-O-β-d-glucopyranoside) (4) and calythropsin (5). The crude extracts and the isolated compounds (except 4), were evaluated for their antioxidant, antimicrobial (against two Gram-positive bacterial strains: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, four Gram-negative bacterial strains: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumanii, and three yeasts: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida glabrata), hemolytic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. The crude extracts showed good ability to scavenge the free radical DPPH. Methanol stem extract followed by the dichloromethane stem extract showed moderate antimicrobial potency; furthermore, at 1 mg/mL the methanol extract showed an inhibition of C. albicans growth comparable to nystatin. Dichloromethane, methanol, and aqueous extracts inhibited 98%, 90%, and 80% of HeLa cell proliferation at 2 mg/mL respectively. Weak hypoglycemic and hemolytic effects were exhibited by the crude extracts. Among all the tested compounds, compound 3 showed remarkable hypoglycemic potential (93% at 0.1 mg/mL) followed by compound 5 (90% at 0.3 mg/mL). Compound 5 was the most effective in the DPPH. scavenging assay (100% at 0.1 mg/mL) and cytotoxic assay on HeLa cells (99% and 90% after 24 and 48 h of treatment at 0.1 mg/mL, respectively). No anti-inflammatory effects were displayed by any of the crude extracts or the isolated compounds at any of the tested concentrations.

Detailed Phytochemical Evaluation of a Locally Endemic Species (Campanula baskilensis) by LC‐MS/MS and Its In‐Depth Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities

“…Similar results were also reported by Korkmaz et al (2020) for the antioxidant effect of C. latifolia [42] . Alhage et al (2018) reported that the radical scavenging ability of the aqueous extract of C. retrorsa was quite high (>90 %) [43] . Taşkın and Bitis (2016) tested the metal chelating abilities of various wild edible plants, including Campanula lyrata [44] .…”

“…[42] Alhage et al (2018) reported that the radical scavenging ability of the aqueous extract of C. retrorsa was quite high (> 90 %). [43] Taşkın and Bitis (2016) tested the metal chelating abilities of various wild edible plants, including Campanula lyrata. [44] In their study, the ethanol extract of C. lyrata was reported as one of the best extracts in the metal chelating assay.…”

Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Odontonema strictum Leaf Extract

“…The method described by Alhage et al (2018) [ 41 ] was used with few modifications. Concentrations of samples (0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 0.5 mg/mL) were prepared in methanol.…”

Phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and in vitro β-galactosidase inhibition activities of Juniperus phoenicea and Calicotome villosa methanolic extracts

“…The plant has been used in traditional medicine by Mediterranean populations for the treatment of furuncle, cutaneous abscess, chilblain, and as an antitumor agent [ 20 – 22 ]. The bioactivities of CV plant extracts were ascribed to their content of flavone glucosides, alkaloids, and anthraquinones in the aerial parts [ 18 , 23 , 24 ] as well as flavonols and alkaloids in the seeds [ 25 ].…”