Isolation of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 from Culicoides vector Captured in Livestock Farms and Sequence Analysis of the Viral Genome Segment-2

Dadawala, A.I.; Biswas, Sanchay Kumar; Rehman, Waseem; Chand, Karam; De, Ankan; Mathapati, Basavaraj; Kumar, Pawan; Chauhan, H.C.; Chandel, B.S.; Mondal, Bimalendu

doi:10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01279.x

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…Twenty-six different serotypes of BTV are recognized worldwide and distinct topotypes defined by closely related sequences of each genome segment have been proposed [19]. In India, 23 serotypes of BTV have been reported, identified either by serology or virus isolation, and eight serotypes (BTV-1, -2, -3, -9, -10, -16, -21, and -23) have been isolated from different regions during the last decade [4,5,8,12,17,22,26,28,30,33,36,37].BT is endemic in India. Multiple serotypes of BTV commonly circulate in the same geographical area, and can be isolated from the same flock or even from the same animals.…”

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Type-specific seroprevalence of bluetongue in Andhra Pradesh, India, during 2005–2009

et al. 2013

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Bluetongue (BT) is an infectious, arthropodborne viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), which is a double-stranded segmented RNA virus. Of the 26 confirmed BTV serotypes, 23 were reported in India based on the detection of antibodies or virus. In order to assess the prevalence of different serotypes in Andhra Pradesh, serum samples which were positive for BTV by group-specific antibody ELISA were subjected to type-specific neutralization of BTV serotypes 1, 2, 9, 10, 21 and 23. Of the 52 samples tested, 50.0, 44.23, 21.15, 26.92, 0, and 15.38 % neutralized BTV serotypes 1, 2, 9, 10, 21 and 23, respectively. However, 32.69 % of the ELISA positive sera could not neutralize any of these serotypes, indicating that there could be other serotype viruses (e.g., BTV-3 and -16) circulating in the State. This method can be used for surveillance of the circulating serotypes as well as for assessing the level of herd immunity, and assist in determining the vaccine strains to be used in multivalent vaccines.Keywords Bluetongue virus Á Serotype Á Surveillance Á Virus neutralization assay Á Epidemiology Bleuetongue (BT) is one of the major economically important livestock diseases in India. The disease is caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), a double-stranded segmented RNA virus belonging to genus Orbivirus of family Reoviridae. Clinical BT is observed only in sheep, and not in other domestic or wild animals. However, antibodies against BTV are frequently observed in cattle, buffaloes, goats and some wild ruminants, indicating asymptomatic infection in these species [21,23,25,27,36]. Twenty-six different serotypes of BTV are recognized worldwide and distinct topotypes defined by closely related sequences of each genome segment have been proposed [19]. In India, 23 serotypes of BTV have been reported, identified either by serology or virus isolation, and eight serotypes (BTV-1, -2, -3, -9, -10, -16, -21, and -23) have been isolated from different regions during the last decade [4,5,8,12,17,22,26,28,30,33,36,37].BT is endemic in India. Multiple serotypes of BTV commonly circulate in the same geographical area, and can be isolated from the same flock or even from the same animals. Further, recent reports indicate the incursion of Western topotypes of BTV into India [12,17,18,20,29,31]. Therefore, the identification of circulating serotypes of BTV is important. However, virus isolation followed by serotyping is time consuming. In addition, by the time the viruses are isolated and the serotype is determined, new serotypes may appear, resurface or dominate, making it difficult to select the serotypes for incorporation in vaccines. An inactivated polyvalant vaccine has been developed in India using five serotypes of BTV (BTV-1, -2, -10,

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Type-specific seroprevalence of bluetongue in Andhra Pradesh, India, during 2005–2009

et al. 2013

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“…Other workers have reported the presence of BTV in various species of Culicoides from different countries [4,[26][27][28]. Earlier, BTV was isolated from pooled sample of Culicoides midges, collected from the western part of India [29,30].…”

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Isolation of Bluetongue Virus from Midges of Culicoides Schultzei Complex in West Bengal, India

Joardar¹

2016

JDVAR

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Although no outbreak of clinical bluetongue has been reported so far, large numbers of sero-positive animals are present in different agro-climatic zones of West Bengal, an eastern state of India. The environmental parameters are quite conducive for propagation of Culicoides sp. in the state of West Bengal. In order to identify the vector of BTV that is circulating in West Bengal state, attempts were made to isolate BTV from Culicoides midges identified as members of Culicoides schultzei complex that were collected from localities having good number of seropositive animals. Non-engorged midges were pooled to prepare sample and BTV was isolated using embryonated chicken eggs, followed by BHK-21 cell culture. Confirmation of BTV was made by RNA-PAGE and RT-PCR. This communication describes for the first time the isolation of BTV from midges of Culicoides schultzei complex from the eastern Indian state West Bengal indicating that they may be one of the vectors responsible for circulating BTV in this region.

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“…Culicoides peregrinus has been reported as a potential vector of BTV in Yunnan Province in China, and in Australasia (Mellor et al ., ). The possibility that C. oxystoma plays a role as a vector of BTV was reaffirmed with the isolation of BTV serotype‐1 in the state of Gujarat in India (Dadawala et al ., ).…”

Section: The Presence (+) and Absence (−) Of Two Strains Of Haemolytimentioning

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Isolation of haemolytic bacilli from field‐collected Culicoides oxystoma and Culicoides peregrinus: potential vectors of bluetongue virus in West Bengal, India

Harsha

Pan

Ghosh

et al. 2015

Medical Vet Entomology

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Two haemolytic bacterial strains of Bacillus pumilus (CU1A, CU1B) and one blood-utilizing strain of Bacillus licheniformis (CU2B) were isolated from relatively low numbers of field-collected females of Culicoides oxystoma and Culicoides peregrinus (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). A total of 36 females, including 18 of each of C. oxystoma and C. peregrinus (consisting of one and a pool of eight blood-engorged specimens, and one and a pool of eight non-engorged specimens for each species), were tested. In C. oxystoma, all three strains of bacteria were isolated from the one non-engorged, the pool of non-engorged and the pool of blood-engorged females tested, but CU1A and CU2B were not found in the one blood-engorged female tested. In C. peregrinus, all three strains were present in the pool of blood-engorged females. However, the strain CU2B was not found in the pool of non-engorged females. In the one blood-engorged and one non-engorged female tested, CU1A and CU2B were detected. The bacterial strains were identified based on Gram staining, enzyme activity (amylase and protease) and alignment of the 16S rRNA partial gene sequence to that available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database GenBank. The functional role and significance of these haemolytic and blood-digesting bacteria within the genus Culicoides remain to be determined.

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Isolation of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 1 from Culicoides vector Captured in Livestock Farms and Sequence Analysis of the Viral Genome Segment-2

Cited by 33 publications

References 35 publications

Type-specific seroprevalence of bluetongue in Andhra Pradesh, India, during 2005–2009

Type-specific seroprevalence of bluetongue in Andhra Pradesh, India, during 2005–2009

Isolation of Bluetongue Virus from Midges of Culicoides Schultzei Complex in West Bengal, India

Isolation of haemolytic bacilli from field‐collected Culicoides oxystoma and Culicoides peregrinus: potential vectors of bluetongue virus in West Bengal, India

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