Isolation of Cellulose from Wheat Straw Using Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide and Acidified Sodium Chlorite Treatments: Comparison of Yield and Properties

Qasim, Umair; Ali, Zulfiqar; Nazir, Muhammad Shahid; Hassan, Sadaf ul; Rafiq, Sikander; Jamil, Farrukh; Al-Muhtaseb, Ala’a H.; Ali, Murtaza; Niazi, Muhammad Bilal Khan; Ahmad, Naveed; Ullah, Sami; Ahmad, Mahmood; Saqib, Sidra

doi:10.1155/2020/9765950

Cited by 45 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Table 2 shows the relationships between NaOH concentration, reaction time, and temperature with lignin, In general, the data in Table 2 show that the sample at low temperature (23 °C) and short reaction time (2 hours) had the highest lignin (12:3 ± 0:12 wt%) and hemicellulose content (20:45 ± 0:17 wt%) and the lowest cellulose content (55:44 ± 0:25 wt%) than other samples (6R24, 5R24, 6SF3, 6EF3, 4EN3, 5EN3, 6EN2, 6EN3, and 6EN4). The white color of the bleached sample showed that the noncellulosic components (lignin and hemicellulose) have been eliminated from the fiber [54]. Thus, the color changes due to chemical treatment, indicating that some fiber components have been removed from OA fibers.…”

Section: Alkaline Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Natural Cellulose from Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Lowland Ethiopian Bamboo) Using Alkali Peroxide Bleaching Stages Followed by Aqueous Chlorite in Buffer Solution

Abate

Bachheti

Tadesse

2022

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Plants are the primary sources of cellulose. This paper is aimed at isolating cellulose from Oxytenanthera abyssinica via chemical treatments. The thermal behavior, functional group, chemical composition, crystallinity, and morphology of raw (ROA), dewaxed (DOA), alkali-treated (AOA), and bleached (BOA) fibers were examined. TGA, FTIR, DSC, DTA, XRD, and SEM were used for characterization techniques. The effects of chemical treatments were examined by determining the content of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and ash. The cellulose content in the ROA improved from 49.26 ± 0.13 wt% to 86.01 ± 0.02 wt% due to the removal of noncellulose components using waxing, alkali treatment, and bleaching with alkali peroxide bleaching stages followed by aqueous chlorite in buffer solution. The highest content of cellulose and holocellulose was exhibited in the BOA samples with a yield of 86.01 ± 0.02 wt% and 97.61 ± 0.17 wt%, respectively. ROA had greater hemicellulose ( 21.31 ± 0.15 wt%), lignin ( 20.63 ± 0.12 wt%), and ash content ( 3.30 ± 0.11 wt%) in comparison to AOA and BOA. The XRD data showed a change in crystallinity after each treatment. Because of the high amount of crystalline cellulose, the XRD results revealed that BOA has a higher crystallinity index (CrI) (59.89%) and peak intensity than AOA, DOA, and ROA. The strength of the FTIR peaks increased in the order of ROA, DOA, AOA, and BOA, indicating that pretreatment causes hemicellulose and lignin to be gradually removed from the Oxytenanthera abyssinica fiber. The TGA, DTG, DTA, and DSC data also confirmed that BOA has the highest thermal stability due to the high content of cellulose. The SEM analysis showed a morphological change in the surface due to chemical treatment. These results confirmed that through chemical pretreatment, a high amount of cellulose was produced from Oxytenanthera abyssinica. Even though Oxytenanthera abyssinica is commonly grown in Ethiopia, few studies have been done on it, and no works have been carried out to isolate and characterize cellulose from the plant. Thus, the findings in this work will encourage researchers to use Oxytenanthera abyssinica as a source of cellulose for various applications, including the manufacture of cellulose nanocrystals, polymer matrix biofilters, green biocomposite reinforcing agents, and hydrogel synthesis.

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Section: Alkaline Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Natural Cellulose from Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Lowland Ethiopian Bamboo) Using Alkali Peroxide Bleaching Stages Followed by Aqueous Chlorite in Buffer Solution

Abate

Bachheti

Tadesse

2022

International Journal of Polymer Science

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“…FTIR spectra (wheat straw and cellulose) in Figure 1A showed the absorbance peaks of cellulose OH at 3400 cm −1 and for CH group stretching at 2900 cm −1 (Table S4). [ 24 ] The bending vibrations of CH (1300 cm −1 ) and CH 2 (1430 cm −1 ) of cellulose were present in wheat straw and cellulose. The peak at 895 cm −1 assigned to β‐gycosidic linkage and the water absorption peak at 1644 cm −1 were present in the spectra.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The increment in degradation and decomposition temperature may be attributed to the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. [24,32] Figure 1D shows the surface morphology of extracted cellulose from wheat straw.…”

Section: Structural and Thermal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of wheat‐straw‐extracted cellulose via response surface methodology and mechanical properties of its poly(lactide)‐based biocomposites

2020

Self Cite

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In view of environmental footprints and growing demand for green energy materials, employing biomass by eliminating lignin and hemicellulose has been topic of recent interests due to their applications in food packaging, textile, automobile, and polymer industries. Herein, we report on optimization of the cellulose extraction (removal of lignin and hemicellulose) from agro-waste (wheat straw) by the response surface methodology (RSM), where, the Box Behnken Design has been implemented to study the effect of sodium hydroxide/sodium hypochlorite amount, temperature, and time on the extraction process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction study, and thermal degradation analysis indicate the successful isolation of cellulose with maximum (56%) removal of hemicellulose and lignin under optimal conditions. Furthermore, nano-indenter analysis and tensile strength have been examined for cellulose/poly(lactide) biocomposites at different wt.% of cellulose, which indicated better tensile strength (28.15 MPa), tensile modulus (2430.24 MPa), and elongation at break (1.89%) as compared to intrinsic poly(lactide). Such studies on the cellulose extraction with optimized conditions and their mechanically stable biocomposites will pave the way for their utilization in polymer industrial applications.

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“…Then the remnant is washed with distilled water till all the traces of chemicals are removed and the pH of the residue is neutral. The residue is then strained and desiccated in the oven at 75°C for further use 57,58 Flowchart 4 highlights the extraction steps of this process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction processes for deriving cellulose: A comprehensive review on green approaches

Khan

Jolly

Fatima

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Cellulose is a renewable, biodegradable and thermally stable compound with several other strong and attractive properties. Cellulose being most abundant raw material on earth has been also produced commercially through several plants every year because of its substantial involvement in variety of potential applications. Cellulose and its derivatives can be employed in paper, textile industry, and food industry along with its utilization in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Such applications entail the extraction process in order to obtain an appropriate form of cellulose as required for its utilization in respective applications. Herein, we present a review that focus on the multiple methodology for cellulose extraction from various sources of plants and agricultural waste.

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Isolation of Cellulose from Wheat Straw Using Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide and Acidified Sodium Chlorite Treatments: Comparison of Yield and Properties

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Isolation and Characterization of Natural Cellulose from Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Lowland Ethiopian Bamboo) Using Alkali Peroxide Bleaching Stages Followed by Aqueous Chlorite in Buffer Solution

Isolation and Characterization of Natural Cellulose from Oxytenanthera abyssinica (Lowland Ethiopian Bamboo) Using Alkali Peroxide Bleaching Stages Followed by Aqueous Chlorite in Buffer Solution

Optimization of wheat‐straw‐extracted cellulose via response surface methodology and mechanical properties of its poly(lactide)‐based biocomposites

Extraction processes for deriving cellulose: A comprehensive review on green approaches

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