Isolation of chlamydia from a pig with lesions in the urethra and prostate gland

Sarma, D P; Tamuli, M.K.; Rahman, Tahminur; Boro, B. R.; Deka, B. C.; Rajkonwar, CK

doi:10.1136/vr.112.22.525-a

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In addition, C. suis is associated with pericarditis, polyarthritis and polyserositis in piglets [2] and numerous reproductive problems such as vaginal discharge, return to oestrus, abortion, mummification, delivery of weak piglets, increased perinatal and neonatal mortality [19] as well as orchitis, epididymitis and urethritis in boars [20]. For most of these disorders, the exact role of Chlamydiaceae still has to be determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydiaceae infections in pig

Schautteet

Vanrompay

2011

Vet Res

137

128

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Chlamydiaceae are Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria. They are responsible for a broad range of diseases in animals and humans. In pigs, Chlamydia suis, Chlamydia abortus, Chlamydia pecorum and Chlamydia psittaci have been isolated. Chlamydiaceae infections in pigs are associated with different pathologies such as conjunctivitis, pneumonia, pericarditis, polyarthritis, polyserositis, pseudo-membranous or necrotizing enteritis, periparturient dysgalactiae syndrome, vaginal discharge, return to oestrus, abortion, mummification, delivery of weak piglets, increased perinatal and neonatal mortality and inferior semen quality, orchitis, epididymitis and urethritis in boars. However, Chlamydiaceae are still considered as non-important pathogens because reports of porcine chlamydiosis are rare. Furthermore, Chlamydiaceae infections are often unnoticed because tests for Chlamydiaceae are not routinely performed in all veterinary diagnostic laboratories and Chlamydiaceae are often found in association with other pathogens, which are sometimes more easily to detect. However, recent studies have demonstrated that Chlamydiaceae infections in breeding sows, boars and piglets occur more often than thought and are economically important. This paper presents an overview on: the taxonomy of Chlamydiaceae occurring in pigs, diagnostic considerations, epidemiology and pathology of infections with Chlamydiaceae in pigs, public health significance and finally on prevention and treatment of Chlamydiaceae infections in pigs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydiaceae infections in pig

Schautteet

Vanrompay

2011

Vet Res

137

128

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“…In swine, Chlamydia have infrequently been associated with abortion, 11,12 perinatal mortality, 13 pericarditis, 7,12 respiratory tract and genitourinary tract infections, [10][11][12] and polyarthritis. 12 Chlamydial infections have been detected in the intestines of normal pigs, and Chlamydial antibodies have been identified in a high percentage of healthy pigs.…”

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Small IntestinalChlamydiaInfection in Piglets

et al. 1993

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Evidence of Chlamydia infection of small intestinal epithelial cells was found in 4 4-14-day-old nursing piglets and 2 22-30-day-old weaned piglets. Each nursing piglet was from a different South Dakota swine farm experiencing preweaning diarrhea. The first weaned piglet was 1 of 7 live piglets from a Minnesota swine farm that were having problems with postweaning weight loss and a mild cough; diarrhea had not been noted by the owner. The second weaned piglet was from an Iowa farm experiencing diarrhea beginning 5 days after weaning. Three piglets were submitted alive and necropsied at the diagnostic laboratory. Three piglets were necropsied by the herd veterinarians, who submitted fresh and formalinfixed samples to the laboratory.Increased fluidity of the colonic contents was the only macroscopic change in the intestinal tracts of 5 piglets. The submitting veterinarian reported that a pseudomembrane was adhered to the ileal mucosa of the sixth piglet. In 3 nursing piglets, the lymphatics in the cranial two-thirds of the small intestinal mesentery were filled with chyle, indicating absorption from the small intestine. Immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) staining detected porcine rotavirus antigen in small intestinal enterocytes of 1 nursing and 1 weaned piglet but not in sections ofintestine from the other 4 piglets. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGE) antigen was not found in IFA-stained frozen sections of small intestine from all piglets. Viral particles were not found by electron microscopic examination of negatively stained colonic contents. Bacterial culture procedures for enteric pathogens and IFA staining for K88, K99, and 987P pilus antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli did not yield significant results.Microscopic examination revealed mild to moderate necrotizing enteritis in the distal jejunum and ileum of the 4 nursing piglets and 1 weaned piglet. Mild to moderate villous atrophy with attenuation, necrosis, and sloughing of the villous epithelium was present in affected areas of the small intestine (Figs. 1, 2). A variable amount of detritus and fibrin partially covered the mucosal surface, and abnormally high numbers of neutrophils were in the lamina propria of 3 piglets. Microscopic lesions in the small intestine from the rotavirus-positive weaned piglet consisted of moderate villous atrophy and attenuation of the villous epithelium; inflammation and epithelial necrosis were minimal. In hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections of distal jejunum and ileum from all piglets, the supranuclear region of many enterocytes contained large vacuoles. Basophilic round bodies < 1.0 µm in diameter were within these vacuoles (Fig. 2). Neither bacterial colonization of the brush border of enterocytes nor developmental stages of Isospora suis were found.

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“…Chlamydiae have been associated with pneumonia, 17 enteritis, 11,13 conjunctivitis, 14 polyarthritis, 6 pericarditis, 19 perinatal mortality, 22 and reproductive disorders 15,21 in swine; however, the diagnostic and economic significance is unknown. Most of these reports have been based on histopathology, electron microscopy, and in some cases the isolation of chlamydiae.…”

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Lung and Nasal Lesions Caused by a Swine Chlamydial Isolate in Gnotobiotic Pigs

1996

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Abstract. Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine whether a chlamydial isolate recovered from nasal swabs from swine with pneumonia could cause pneumonia and rhinitis in gnotobiotic pigs. The identity of the isolate currently is unknown, but it shares characteristics with Chlamydia trachomatis. After propagation in Vero cells and preparation of the inoculum (2.5 x 10 10 inclusion-forming units/ml), Chlamydiae were instilled into nostrils (1.0 ml/nostril) and lungs (2.0 ml intralaryngeally) of 15 anesthetized 3-day-old gnotobiotic piglets. Five age-matched gnotobiotic piglets were anesthetized and sham infected with uninfected cell culture lysates. Two treated piglets were moribund and 2 were severely dyspneic prior to necropsy 7 days postinfection (DPI), whereas remaining treated piglets showed mild dyspnea upon exertion throughout the study. All treated piglets developed diarrhea. All treated piglets necropsied 7-21 DPI had extensive consolidation in cranial, middle, and accessory lung lobes; a majority of these piglets also had extensive consolidation in the caudal lobes. Treated piglets necropsied 28 and 35 DPI had a lobular pattern of consolidation in all lung lobes. Histologically, lesions in lungs from treated piglets necropsied 7, 14, and 21 DPI were characterized by bronchointerstitial pneumonia with foci of type II pneumocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia; pneumocytes and bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells were markedly vacuolated. Alveolar macrophages, peribronchitis, peribronchiolitis, and perivasculitis were seen in lungs from treated piglets necropsied 28 and 35 DPI; those necropsied 28 DPI also had foci of lymphohistiocytic and plasmacytic infiltrates. Turbinate lesions in all treated piglets were characterized by mild multifocal lymphoplasmacytic and occasionally neutrophilic rhinitis. Immunohistochemistry detected chlamydial antigen in bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells, pneumocytes, and inflammatory cells in treated piglets necropsied 7, 14, and 21 DPI. Positive staining was limited to alveolar macrophages in treated piglets necropsied 28 and 35 DPI. Chlamydial antigen was detected in turbinate epithelial cells at all necropsy intervals. Ultrastructurally, chlamydiae were seen with glycogen particles in vacuoles or free in the cytoplasm of bronchial and bronchiolar epithelial cells and pneumocytes. The results indicated that the chlamydial isolate used in this Chlamydiae have been associated with pneumonia, 17 enteritis, 11,13 conjunctivitis, 14 polyarthritis, 6 pericarditis, 19 perinatal mortality, 22 and reproductive disorders 15,21 in swine; however, the diagnostic and economic significance is unknown. Most of these reports have been based on histopathology, electron microscopy, and in some cases the isolation of chlamydiae. Many of the chlamydial isolates recovered from these disease syndromes are no longer available for study, and only a limited number of these isolates have been characterized.We recently recovered a chlamydial isolate from nasal swabs from pigs...

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Isolation of chlamydia from a pig with lesions in the urethra and prostate gland

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Chlamydiaceae infections in pig

Chlamydiaceae infections in pig

Small IntestinalChlamydiaInfection in Piglets

Lung and Nasal Lesions Caused by a Swine Chlamydial Isolate in Gnotobiotic Pigs

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