Isolation of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing Escherichia coli from Japanese red fox (Vulpes vulpes japonica)

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern requiring a one‐health approach. Given wild animals can harbor antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria (ARB), we investigated their presence in 11 fecal samples from wild animals using deoxycholate hydrogen sulfide lactose agar with or without cefotaxime (CTX, 1 mg/L). Thus, we isolated CTX‐resistant Escherichia coli from two Japanese red fox fecal samples. One strain was O83:H42‐ST1485‐fimH58 CTX‐M‐55‐producing E. coli carrying the genes aph(3″)‐Ib , aph(3′)‐Ia , aph(6)‐Id , mdf (A), sitABCD , sul 2, tet (A), and tet (B), whereas the other was O25:H4‐ST131‐fimH30 CTX‐M‐14 ‐ producing E. coli carrying mdf (A) and sitABCD and showing fluoroquinolone resistance. Thus, the presence of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase producers in wild foxes suggests a spillover of ARB from human activities to these wild animals.

The Pan-Genomic Analysis of Corynebacterium striatum Revealed its Genetic Characteristics as an Emerging Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen

“… 59 The APH ( 6′ ) and APH (3′) genes, encoding aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferases, were detected in 32% of strains, and inactivate antibiotics, especially streptomycin. 60 The Cstr_tetA ( tetAB ) gene was identified in 30.2% of strains, is located in the plasmid of C. striatum , encodes the ABC transporter, and confers resistance to tetracycline and oxytetracycline. 15 …”

“…59 The APH (6') and APH (3') genes, encoding aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferases, were detected in 32% of strains, and inactivate antibiotics, especially streptomycin. 60 The Cstr_tetA (tetAB) gene was identified in 30.2% of strains, is located in the plasmid of C. striatum, encodes the ABC transporter, and confers resistance to tetracycline and oxytetracycline. 15 The ANT (3") gene family was detected in 38.9% of strains, and it encodes a class of aminoglycoside O-nucleotidyltransferases with modified region specificity based on the 3″-hydroxyl group of the respective antibiotic.…”

Traces of pandemic fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli clone ST131 transmitted from human society to aquatic environments and wildlife in Japan

“…In recent years, ST131 prevalence has also increased in companion animals (dogs and cats) [ 4 , 5 ]; however, it remains lower than that in humans [ 6 ]. ST131 was isolated among ESBL-producing E. coli from wildlife in Japan [ [7] , [8] , [9] ]. The spread of ST131 among wildlife and subsequently to the environment is a cause of concern [ 10 ] because such dissemination makes the eradication of ST131 more challenging by establishing its circulation throughout human society and the surrounding environment.…”

“…We identified 16 ST131 isolates from feces of wildlife (5 isolates from raccoon dogs, deer, fox, and raccoon [ [7] , [8] , [9] ]) and from aquatic environments (11 isolates from river and lake water) between 2016 and 2021 using the isolation method described previously [ 11 ] ( Table 1 ). The regions from where the isolates were derived are in neighboring prefectures in Japan, except the Kanagawa prefecture.…”