Isolation of Histoplasma Capsulatum from the Soil of a Cave in Central Malaya

Ponnampalam, J. T.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1963.12.775

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Malaysia was the first country in Asia where H. capsulatum was successfully isolated from soil samples collected from bat-infested caves near Kuala Lumpur 66 , and a survey of histoplasmin skin test sensitivity showed a prevalence of 10.5% in that country 37 . Cases of histoplasmosis have been recognized both among HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients as well as among subjects travelling to Malaysia 67,68 .…”

Section: Global Distribution Of Histoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Histoplasmosis Infections Worldwide: Thinking Outside of the Ohio River Valley

et al. 2015

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In the United States, histoplasmosis is generally thought to occur mainly in the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, and the classic map of histoplasmosis distribution reflecting this is second nature to many U.S. physicians. With the advent of the HIV pandemic reports of patients with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis and AIDS came from regions of known endemicity, as well as from regions not thought to be endemic for histoplasmosis throughout the world. In addition, our expanding armamentarium of immunosuppressive medications and biologics has increased the diagnosis of histoplasmosis worldwide. While our knowledge of areas in which histoplasmosis is endemic has improved, it is still incomplete. Our contention is that physicians should consider histoplasmosis with the right constellations of symptoms in any febrile patient with immune suppression, regardless of geographic location or travel history.

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Section: Global Distribution Of Histoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Histoplasmosis Infections Worldwide: Thinking Outside of the Ohio River Valley

et al. 2015

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“…It seems possible that this patient acquired the primary infection in Malaya during the war since the organism is known to occur there. Ponnampalam (1963) isolated H. capsulatum from the soil of a bat-infested cave in central Malaya; he also investigated 227 adult patients admitted to hospital in Kuala Lumpar with respiratory symptoms and found 10-5 % had a positive histoplasmin skin test and 19-8 % had a positive histoplasma complementfixation test (Ponnampalam, 1964). If infection did occur in Malaya, it was 25-30 years before the disease became manifest, but in two of the cases of disseminated histoplasmosis described by Macleod et al (1972) the patients had lived in England for 16 and 18 years since travelling abroad.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated histoplasmosis successfully treated with amphotericin B

et al. 1974

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SYNOPSIS A 61-year-old woman presented with malaise, intermittent fever, weight loss, and epigastric pain. Histoplasma capsulatum was eventually isolated from a liver biopsy and from the bone marrow and the patient was successfully treated with amphotericin B.Disseminated histoplasmosis is very rarely seen in Great Britain; there have been only 11 reported cases, with positive cultures in eight (Macleod, Murray, Davidson, and Gibbs, 1972 six-month history of malaise, weight loss, and intermittent fever. She also complained of epigastric pain and flatulence. The only abnormal physical findings were a persistent lowgrade pyrexia and an enlarged, tender liver. The only abnormalities revealed on initial investigation were an ESR (Westergren) of 15 to 29 mm/hr, a serum amino-aspartate transferase of 85 iu/l (normal range 25-65 iu/l), and an alkaline phosphatase of 20 KA units/100 ml (normal range 4-13 KA units/ 100 ml). Chest radiography and white count were normal. A liver biopsy was performed on 29 June, and histology showed non-caseating giant cell granulomata but no acid-fast bacilli nor fungi were seen. The biopsy material was not cultured. Tuberculosis was strongly suspected and therapy was begun with isoniazid, para-aminosalicylic acid, and streptomycin. After three weeks these drugs were stopped as the fever continued unabated and her symptoms remained unaltered. A further liver biopsy showed unchanged histology. The specimen was

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“…Within Asia, Histoplasma has been known to be present in certain areas for many years [ 60 ]. Histoplasma was first isolated from soil in Malaysia in 1963, and Randhawa reviewed 30 possible autochthonous cases from India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, and Japan in 1970 [ 61 , 62 ]. There have been 144 cases of histoplasmosis recorded from 1954 through 2017 in India with the majority of reports from West Bengal, Assam, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh; as in many other settings, histoplasmosis is felt to be underdiagnosed in this country [ 63 – 65 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-drawing the Maps for Endemic Mycoses

et al. 2020

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Endemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, paracoccidioidomycosis, and talaromycosis are well-known causes of focal and systemic disease within specific geographic areas of known endemicity. However, over the past few decades, there have been increasingly frequent reports of infections due to endemic fungi in areas previously thought to be “non-endemic.” There are numerous potential reasons for this shift such as increased use of immune suppressive medications, improved diagnostic tests, increased disease recognition, and global factors such as migration, increased travel, and climate change. Regardless of the causes, it has become evident that our previous understanding of endemic regions for these fungal diseases needs to evolve. The epidemiology of the newly described Emergomyces is incomplete; our understanding of it continues to evolve. This review will focus on the evidence underlying the established areas of endemicity for these mycoses as well as new data and reports from medical literature that support the re-thinking these geographic boundaries. Updating the endemic fungi maps would inform clinical practice and global surveillance of these diseases.

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Isolation of Histoplasma Capsulatum from the Soil of a Cave in Central Malaya

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Histoplasmosis Infections Worldwide: Thinking Outside of the Ohio River Valley

Histoplasmosis Infections Worldwide: Thinking Outside of the Ohio River Valley

Disseminated histoplasmosis successfully treated with amphotericin B

Re-drawing the Maps for Endemic Mycoses

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