Isolation of Homogeneous Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone From Hog Pituitary Gland

Lerner, Aaron B.; Lee, Teh H.

doi:10.1021/ja01609a098

Cited by 86 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…MSH (Lerner and Lee, 1955;Harris and Lerner, 1957;Eberle, 1988) comes from pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) through post-transcriptional enzymatic cleavage (Bernstein, 1983;Eberle, 1988) and is secreted by the intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland (Eberle, 1988). This hormone has numerous physiological effects: 1) it stimulates melanogenesis (Sawyer et al, 1980;Sawyer et al, 1982;Levine et al, 1987;Aroca et al, 1993); 2) it develops an anti-inflamma-tory activity (Cannon et al, 1986;Daynes et al, 1987;Rheins et al, 1989;Hiltz and Lipton, 1990;Hiltz et al, 1992); 3) it is involved both in body temperature control Murphy and Lipton, 1982) and in fever control Samson et al, 1981;Daynes et al, 1987); and 4) it also intervenes in blood pressure control (Bertolini et al, 1986).…”

Section: Met-glu-his-phe-arg-trp-gly-lys-pro-val-nh2) or A-mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Administration of an α‐MSH Analogue Reduces the Serum Release of IL‐1α and TNFα Induced by the Injection of a Sublethal Dose of Lipopolysaccharides in the BALB/c Mouse

Gonindard

Goigoux²,

Hollande

et al. 1996

Pigment Cell Research

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The injection of alpha-MSH or of one of its analogues ([Nle4-D.Phe7] alpha-MSH4-10) reduced, in vivo, the release of two cytokines (IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha) involved in inflammation. The inflammatory state was induced in BALB/c mice by intraperitoneal injection of a sublethal dose of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The assay of these cytokines by ELISA showed a reduction of 20% with alpha-MSH and between 30 and 60% with the alpha-MSH analogue. The alpha-MSH or the analogue was administered in one of two ways: intravenously or subcutaneously. The most efficient method seemed to be the subcutaneous one because it improved the activity 10,000 times more than the intravenous method. Moreover, the analogue induced a regression of mortality in the animals treated by the intravenous method. Our results show that alpha-MSH and one of its analogues inhibit IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha, and can be used as anti-inflammatory molecules.

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Section: Met-glu-his-phe-arg-trp-gly-lys-pro-val-nh2) or A-mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Administration of an α‐MSH Analogue Reduces the Serum Release of IL‐1α and TNFα Induced by the Injection of a Sublethal Dose of Lipopolysaccharides in the BALB/c Mouse

Gonindard

Goigoux²,

Hollande

et al. 1996

Pigment Cell Research

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“…Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) (Lerner and Lee 1955) is a tridecapeptide derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) known to have potent antiinflammatory actions (Glyn and Lipton 1981;Cannon et al 1986; see Catania and Lipton 1998) and anti-pyretic effects (Glyn and Lipton 1981). In the brain, the main site of production is the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (Jacobowitz and O'Donohue 1978).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…α-MSH has several potent biological actions, including body weight regulation, stimulation of cutaneous pigmentation, and various behavioural effects (Lerner and Lee 1955;Sandman et al 1971;see De Wied and Jolles 1982;Cone 2005) related to physiological functions during normal conditions. In addition, α-MSH and other POMC-derived peptides have been shown to improve functional recovery in injury models of the nervous system, particularly in the peripheral nervous system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-MSH Rescues Neurons from Excitotoxic Cell Death

et al. 2007

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This study investigates the effects of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), on neurodegeneration, gliosis and changes in the neurotrophic protein brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and in pro-inflammatory cytokines, following kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxic damage in the rat. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with alpha-MSH (intraperitoneally, i.p.) at 20 min, and 24 and 48 h following administration of 10 mg/kg KA (i.p.). The animals were sacrificed at 30 min, 4 h, 24 h and 72 h after KA-administration and the levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were analysed in samples of hippocampus and hypothalamus. Levels of BDNF were analysed in the hippocampus. Stereological quantification showed a markedly reduced number of viable neurons in the CA1 pyramidal cell layer upon KA-administration as compared to animals injected with vehicle (p < 0.05, 79,587 +/- 25,554 vs. 145,254 +/- 27,871). The number of viable neurons upon administration of alpha-MSH was significantly higher than upon KA alone (p < 0.05, 119,776 +/- 33,158, KA+alpha-MSH vs. 79,587 +/- 27,554, KA + Saline). Astrocyte activation due to the KA-induced excitotoxicity was reduced, and the KA-induced increase in IL-1beta levels was delayed by the treatment with alpha-MSH. In conclusion, the degree of reduction in cell viability in the hippocampus CA1 pyramidal cell layer upon KA-induced excitotoxicity was similar to that seen previously upon global cerebral ischaemia. Furthermore, the administration of alpha-MSH resulted in a similar increase in cell viability, supporting the hypothesis that administration of alpha-MSH has rescuing effects on neurons subjected to excitotoxic insults.

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“…15,16 Subsequently, hypophysectomy in the rat was also shown to darken skin color. 17 It took a further three decades before the pigmentation factor, α -melanocytestimulating hormone ( α -MSH), was isolated from pigs, 18 and nearly another three decades before its local production in mammalian skin was linked with darkening skin pigmentation, two centuries after Kant's hypothesis. 19 In the last decade, mutations in the human proopiomelanocortin precursor for α -MSH have been shown to produce a red-hair, fair-skin phenotype in humans.…”

Section: From Biblical Interpretation To Alchemymentioning

confidence: 99%

From genesis to gene sequencing: historical progress in the understanding of skin color

Millington

Levell

2007

Int J Dermatology

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Since at least biblical times, humans have pondered on why there might be variation in skin color and what might constitute the nature of that difference. In this article, two historical trails are followed, one beginning with the Ancient Greeks, the other with the Ancient Chinese. These two paths converge to provide us with some historical evidence to back recent scientific discoveries in the dynamic regulation of skin pigmentation, focusing on melanocyte-stimulating hormone and its natural antagonist agouti-signaling protein.

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Isolation of Homogeneous Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone From Hog Pituitary Gland

Cited by 86 publications

References 3 publications

The Administration of an α‐MSH Analogue Reduces the Serum Release of IL‐1α and TNFα Induced by the Injection of a Sublethal Dose of Lipopolysaccharides in the BALB/c Mouse

The Administration of an α‐MSH Analogue Reduces the Serum Release of IL‐1α and TNFα Induced by the Injection of a Sublethal Dose of Lipopolysaccharides in the BALB/c Mouse

α-MSH Rescues Neurons from Excitotoxic Cell Death

From genesis to gene sequencing: historical progress in the understanding of skin color

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