Isolation of <i>l</i>-3:4-dihydroxyphenylalanine from the seeds of <i>Mucuna pruriens</i>

Damodaran, M.; Ramaswamy, R.

doi:10.1042/bj0312149

Cited by 76 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…5) Allelopathic compound in velvetbean: The effective compound of velvetbean in restraining the growth of companion plants was confirmed its association with L-DOPA (Fig 1). Velvetbean seeds are well known to contain a high concentration of L-DOPA (6 to 9%) (Damodaran, 1937, Rehr et al, 1973, which plays chemical barrier against insect attacks (Bell & Janzen, 1971, Premchand, 1981. In mammalian brain, L-DOPA is the precursor of dopamine, a neurotransmitter, and also important intermediates of alkaloids in plants.…”

Section: ) Survey Of Allelopathic Plants: As Listed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy in the natural and agricultural ecosystems and isolation of potent allelochemicals from Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) and Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa)

Fujii

2003

Biol. Sci. Space

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6Our group has been engaged in the search for allelopathic plants in order to determine allelochemicals and its mechanism. In the course of this study, we developed new methods to discriminate and identify allelopathic actions from other competitive factors such as nutrients, light and water . We reported allelopathy in Velvetbean , Hairy vetch (Fujii et al. 1992, 1995, medicinal plants , and other species as well.In the course of those research, we established a new bioassay system that could demonstrate and assess the potential allelopathic action of plants. It was named "plant box method," and "sandwich method". This method involves mixed planting using agar medium, and is effective to study on the exudation of allelochemicals from leaves and/or roots. These methods can be applied to evaluate the allelopathic action of root exudates and leaf leachates.On the other hand, we realized a difficulty to use allelopathic plants directly to agriculture by itself, because other competitive factors such as light and nutrients are also acting on them in parallel. We decided to use the allelopathic factor together with such competition factors for plants growth. In this sense, cover crop is probably a good application of allelopathy. If other competition factors are the same, allelopathy will play an important role in weed suppression in combination with other factors. Some farmers suggested from their experiences that some ground cover plants suppress weeds drastically. There is a possibility that some cover crops could be used for practical weed suppression. In order to study its feasibility, we began to screen the allelopathic activity of cover plants by the plant box method and the sandwich method. Based on these primary selections, and experiences on the fields, we conducted a field experiment to select the most promising cover crop species for the weed control in orchard garden and abandoned fields. (Fujii et al. 1990a(Fujii et al. , 1990b: 70 plant species were tested on their allelopathy following the Richards' function method (Richards, 1959), which was proved to be suited for germination tests of lettuce and some weed plants ( Lehle & Putnam, 1982). In order to stop the action of enzymes, which degrade certain constituents of a plant, and to minimize the alteration of the constituent organic substances, the leaves, stems and roots were dried at 60°C for 24 hrs. One hundred mg of the dried samples was extracted with 10 ml water. Extracted mixture was sonicated for 60 sec to complete the migration of chemicals into aqueous solution. The extracts were filtered with Whatman No.4 filter papers. Ten lettuce seeds were placed in 4.5 cm diameter-Petri dishes soaking 0.5 ml of test solution on Whatman No.1 filter papers. The seeds on Petri dishes were incubated in the dark at 25 °C. Numbers of the germinated seeds was counted, and growth of hypocotyl and radicle were measured on the 4th day. Biological Sciences in Space, Vol.17 No.1 (2003): 6-13 Materials and Methods 1) Survey on allelopathic plants Allelopathy i...

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Section: ) Survey Of Allelopathic Plants: As Listed Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathy in the natural and agricultural ecosystems and isolation of potent allelochemicals from Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) and Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa)

Fujii

2003

Biol. Sci. Space

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“…2 Levodopa (L-dopa) was first isolated from the seeds of M pruriens in 1937 3 and when the value of L-dopa for the treatment of PD became known, scientific interest in plants rich in L-dopa was revived. Three open label studies, [4][5][6] which involved between 18 and 60 patients and used mean dosages of 45 g/day of mucuna seed powder extract (contains about 1500 mg L-dopa), reported significant improvements in parkinsonism for 12-20 weeks.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson's disease: a double blind clinical and pharmacological study

Katzenschlager

Evans²,

Manson³

et al. 2004

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

245

138

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Background: The seed powder of the leguminous plant, Mucuna pruriens has long been used in traditional Ayurvedic Indian medicine for diseases including parkinsonism. We have assessed the clinical effects and levodopa (L-dopa) pharmacokinetics following two different doses of mucuna preparation and compared them with standard L-dopa/carbidopa (LD/CD). Methods: Eight Parkinson's disease patients with a short duration L-dopa response and on period dyskinesias completed a randomised, controlled, double blind crossover trial. Patients were challenged with single doses of 200/50 mg LD/CD, and 15 and 30 g of mucuna preparation in randomised order at weekly intervals. L-Dopa pharmacokinetics were determined, and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and tapping speed were obtained at baseline and repeatedly during the 4 h following drug ingestion. Dyskinesias were assessed using modified AIMS and Goetz scales. Results: Compared with standard LD/CD, the 30 g mucuna preparation led to a considerably faster onset of effect (34.6 v 68.5 min; p = 0.021), reflected in shorter latencies to peak L-dopa plasma concentrations. Mean on time was 21.9% (37 min) longer with 30 g mucuna than with LD/CD (p = 0.021); peak L-dopa plasma concentrations were 110% higher and the area under the plasma concentration v time curve (area under curve) was 165.3% larger (p = 0.012). No significant differences in dyskinesias or tolerability occurred. Conclusions: The rapid onset of action and longer on time without concomitant increase in dyskinesias on mucuna seed powder formulation suggest that this natural source of L-dopa might possess advantages over conventional L-dopa preparations in the long term management of PD. Assessment of long term efficacy and tolerability in a randomised, controlled study is warranted.

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“…Dopa is a naturally occurring dietary supplement and psychoactive drug found in certain kinds of food and herbs. Its richest natural source is from plant kingdom like the seed of Mucuna pruriens (Damodaran and Ramaswamy, 1937;Wichers et al, 1993). It is synthesised from the essential amino acid L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine in the mammalian body and brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of binary complexes of Ca(II), Mg(II) and Zn(II) with L-dopa in dioxane–water mixtures

Devi

Raju

Rao

2010

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Speciation of binary complexes of Ca(II), Mg(II) and Zn(II) with L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) in (0 -60% vyv) dioxane (DOX) -water mixtures have been studied pH-metrically at a temperature of 303 K and at an ionic strength of 0.16 mol L À 1 . The models for binary species contain MLH, ML 2 H 2 , ML 2 H and ML 2 for Ca(II) and Mg(II) and MLH, ML, ML 2 H 2 , ML 2 H and ML 2 for Zn(II). The trend in the variation of stability constants with the mole fraction of dioxane was explained on the basis of electrostatic and nonelectrostatic forces. Distribution of the species with pH at different compositions of DOX -water media was also presented.

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Isolation of l-3:4-dihydroxyphenylalanine from the seeds of Mucuna pruriens

Cited by 76 publications

References 4 publications

Allelopathy in the natural and agricultural ecosystems and isolation of potent allelochemicals from Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) and Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa)

Allelopathy in the natural and agricultural ecosystems and isolation of potent allelochemicals from Velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens) and Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa)

Mucuna pruriens in Parkinson's disease: a double blind clinical and pharmacological study

Speciation of binary complexes of Ca(II), Mg(II) and Zn(II) with L-dopa in dioxane–water mixtures

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