Isolation of <i>Salmonella</i> species of public health concern from commonly fed dried meat dog treats

Morgan, Genever; Saal, Mikhela; Corr, Aoife; Jenkins, Claire; Chattaway, Marie Anne; Pinchbeck, Gina; Williams, Nicola

doi:10.1002/vetr.2642

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…It is noteworthy that dried raw treats were frequently chosen by respondents in present study, however Salmonella spp. has also been isolated from dried raw pet treats in the United Kingdom ( Morgan et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae in raw and cooked kibble diets for dogs in the United Kingdom

Morgan,

Pinchbeck,

Taymaz

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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Raw meat diets (RMD) for dogs are an increasingly popular alternative pet food choice, however studies worldwide have demonstrated them to be contaminated with zoonotic and antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria, including bacteria resistant to critically important antibiotics. Despite this, few data exist surrounding the presence of these bacteria in RMD in the United Kingdom. The present study aimed to identify the most commonly selected RMD and non-raw diets (NRMD) by United Kingdom dog owners. Additionally, it investigated the presence of AMR-Enterobacteriaceae in samples of pre-prepared RMD and cooked commercial kibble dog foods. An online survey investigating diet preferences of United Kingdom dog owners was open for 6 weeks between February–March 2020. From this, the top 10 brands of pre-prepared raw and cooked kibble diets were ascertained and 134 samples purchased (110 RMD, 24 kibble) and subjected to microbiological testing. Bacterial enumeration of E. coli and other Enterobacteriaceae was undertaken, and the presence of Salmonella spp. and AMR-E. coli within samples determined. Whole genome sequencing was undertaken on Salmonella spp. and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant 3GCR-E. coli isolates. Pre-prepared RMD was most commonly selected by dog owners who fed RMD, and cooked commercial complete dry food was most frequently fed by owners who fed NRMD. Damaged and leaking packaging was observed in samples of RMD, alongside variability in information provided surrounding product traceability. Counts of E. coli and other Enterobacteriaceae exceeding >5,000 CFU/g were identified in samples of RMD. AMR-, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and 3GCR-E. coli was isolated from 39, 14 and 16% of RMD samples, respectively. Multiple antimicrobial resistance genes were identified in 3GCR-E. coli isolates. Of the ESBL encoding genes, blaCTX-M-15 was most commonly identified. S. enterica was isolated from 5% of RMD samples. No Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from any of the cooked kibble samples. The present study suggests that pre-prepared RMD available for dogs in the United Kingdom can be contaminated with zoonotic and AMR-Enterobacteriaceae. RMDs, therefore, are potentially an important One Health concern. Veterinary and medical professionals, pet food retailers and pet owners should be aware of these risks; and stringent hygiene measures should be practiced if owners choose to feed RMD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An investigation of the presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae in raw and cooked kibble diets for dogs in the United Kingdom

Morgan,

Pinchbeck,

Taymaz

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Interestingly, some of these strains have been isolated from other animals including dogs (Morgan et al, 2023) and livestock (Davies et al 2004;Snow et al 2007), suggesting that there may be transmission either from birds to these animals, or vice versa (Horton et al, 2013;Pao et al, 2014). Multi-drug resistance has been reported commonly within Salmonella isolates, some of which were from wild birds.…”

Section: Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in faecal samples from UK passerine birds

Dunn,

Clegg

2024

Preprint

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Wild birds are a near ubiquitous sight in gardens, offering pleasure to many people through supplementary feeding, song, or other interactions. However, they are also potential carriers of many pathogens, including Campylobacter, Salmonella, Enterococcus and E. coli; some of these may be resistant to commonly used drugs. This study collected faecal samples from multiple species of UK passerine birds, isolating bacterial pathogens to assess carriage and drug resistances associated with those bacteria. 75% of birds were carrying at least one bacterial species which was multi drug resistant (MDR; resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial), with 11.6% of birds carrying Salmonella spp., 18.9% carrying Campylobacter spp., 78% carrying Enterococcus spp., and all carrying E. coli strains. Many of these strains were shown to be MDR with 70%, 88%, 32% and 59% respectively. Intercontinental migration was shown to be a risk factor for carriage of many of the pathogens, as was an associated with human habitation. Age was also a risk factor with younger birds twice as likely to carry Campylobacter spp. than adults, and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) and blackbirds (Turdus merula) being particularly high-level carriers compared to other species. The high-level carriage and shedding of MDR E. coli and other zoonotic pathogens within the faecal samples of multiple species of passerine birds offers a timely reminder of the risks which these bacteria, and their drug resistance profiles may pose to human and animal health in the UK and worldwide. It also shows a level of high environmental contamination, which birds may continue to contribute towards, until our use of antibiotics, and level of drug resistant bacteria is decreased. Developing mechanisms for reducing levels of carriage of MDR bacteria in wild bird populations through, for example, increased hygiene around bird feeding practices, may be key in reducing environmental contamination.

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Pet food safety: emerging bacterial hazards and implications for public health

Antunes,

Novais,

Peixe

et al. 2024

Current Opinion in Food Science

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Isolation of Salmonella species of public health concern from commonly fed dried meat dog treats

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

An investigation of the presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae in raw and cooked kibble diets for dogs in the United Kingdom

An investigation of the presence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae in raw and cooked kibble diets for dogs in the United Kingdom

High prevalence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in faecal samples from UK passerine birds

Pet food safety: emerging bacterial hazards and implications for public health

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