Isolation of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Using Indigenous Chicken Embryos in Kenya

Abstract

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) isolates were recovered from outbreaks to initiate activities towards developing a local vaccine strain. Use of indigenous chicken embryos was exploited to determine their potential, promote utilization of local resources for research, and enhance household economic activities. Bursa of Fabricius (BFs) samples from outbreaks shown to be IBDV positive was homogenized and inoculated in 4-week-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) IBDV seronegative white leghorn chicks. The harvested virus was inoculated into 11-day-old indigenous chicken embryos that were IBDV seronegative and passaged serially three times after which they were inoculated into 4-week-old indigenous chicks to test for presence and virulence of propagated virus. Out of 153 BFs collected from outbreaks, 43.8% (67/153) were positive for IBDV antigen and 65.7% (44/67) caused disease in SPF chicks. The embryo mean mortalities were 88% on primary inoculation, 94% in 1st passage, 91% in 2nd passage, and 67% in 3rd passage. After the third passage in embryos all the 44 isolates were virulent in 4-week-old indigenous chicks. The results show that indigenous chicken embryos support growth of IBDV and can be used to propagate the virus as an alternative viral propagating tool for respective vaccine preparation.

Molecular and Cultures based Diagnosis of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) in Vaccinated and Non Vaccinated Poultry Flocks

“…Oedematous CAMs were observed with or without congestion or haemorrhages. Similar pathological lesions Mutinda et al (2015), with numerical differences only. The higher sensitivity of RT-PCR than that of egg embryo inoculation was ability of RT-PCR to amplify viral nucleic acid from both complete and disintegrated viruses.…”

Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro) in Backyard Chicken in Jordan

“…Similarly, Daodu et al (2018) reported 100% IBDV antibody in Egypt's unvaccinated birds/morbid birds. Mutinda et al (2015) reported that IBD mortality rates from 1.3-100% in flocks of Kenya indigenous chickens with an average mortality of 39.2%, high (31.1%) in layers, and 13.4% in broilers. From India (Singh and Dhawedkar 1994), Taiwan (Tsai and Lu 1993), and Ethiopia (Wakgari 2022), seroprevalence of IBDV has been reported to be 46.2, 45 and 43.13%, respectively.…”

Evaluation of secondary metabolites of herbal plant extracts as an antiviral effect on infectious bursal disease virus isolates in embryonated chicken eggs

“…Bursa of Fabricius samples were prepared according to Mutinda et al . [ 43 ] and stored in 2 mL Eppendorf tubes at −20°C until use.…”

“…Twenty samples (bursa of Fabricius) were collected from chickens suspected of having Gumboro disease (IBD) in various areas of Iraq's Baghdad government. Bursa of Fabricius samples were prepared according to Mutinda et al [43] and stored in 2 mL Eppendorf tubes at −20°C until use.…”