Isolation of parapoxvirus from a cow treated with interferon-γ

Sentsui, Hiroshi; Murakami, Kenji; Inoshima, Yasuo; Shibahara, Tomoyuki; Yokomizo, Yuichi

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(99)00138-8

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is possible that, like cattle with bovine papular stomatitis virus [15,37], certain Japanese serows are subclinically infected with ORFVs and that relapse of the disease occurs. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Genetic Homogeneity of Orf Viruses Infecting Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus)

Inoshima

Ito

Ishiguro

2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. This study genetically characterized orf viruses (ORFVs) isolated from recent outbreaks in Japanese serows (Capricornis crispus) in 2007 and 2008, and from earlier outbreaks from 1985 to 2001. Nucleotide sequences of genes for the viral envelope, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and virus interferon resistance (VIR) were determined in two ORFVs isolated from recent outbreaks and in eight from earlier outbreaks. No deletions or insertions were observed in these genes. Surprisingly, the amino acid sequences of the envelope and VIR genes were identical among the 10 ORFVs, and only one amino acid substitution in the VEGF gene was found in one of the two recent ORFVs (2007). Genotyping by differential PCR for the A32L gene, which encodes an ATPase, classified all of the 10 ORFVs into the same genotype. In an ORFV isolated from a sheep in 1970, the three sequenced genes were almost the same as in the ORFVs isolated from Japanese serows, and the ORFV in 1970 was classified into the same genotype as the ORFVs from Japanese serows. These results suggest that recent outbreaks in Japanese serows are caused by ORFVs genetically closely related to the viruses in earlier outbreaks and that these genetically stable ORFVs have circulated among Japanese serows over a long period of time.

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“…It is possible that, like cattle with bovine papular stomatitis virus [15,37], certain Japanese serows are subclinically infected with ORFVs and that relapse of the disease occurs. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Genetic Homogeneity of Orf Viruses Infecting Japanese Serows (Capricornis crispus)

Inoshima

Ito

Ishiguro

2010

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Another hypothesis is a chronic BPSV infection with lesions periodically produced under stress conditions. A short viremic phase with the isolation of a parapoxvirus from peripheral blood leukocytes in a cow treated with gamma interferon has been reported (15). This unique description raises the question of the potential occurrence of systemic virus spread, although in the field the most common findings are associated with the presence of BPSV in the skin and mucous membranes (2).…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 96%

Original Findings Associated with Two Cases of Bovine Papular Stomatitis

Pozzo

Martinelle²,

Gallina

et al. 2011

J Clin Microbiol

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Bovine papular stomatitis virus was isolated from two calves in an animal house with biosafety level 3 confinement. The hypotheses on the origin of the infection, the interesting features of the partial amino acid sequences of the major envelope viral protein, and the importance of diagnostic tools available for animal diseases that are not listed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) are discussed. CASE REPORTTwo 7-month-old female Holstein calves were housed in an insect-secure zone of biosafety level 3 (A3). They originated from two different farms (located about 80 km away from each other), with no history of animal transfer or contacts. They were housed with 10 other calves of the same age, and they all tested seronegative and nonviremic for bluetongue virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus and seronegative for bovine herpesvirus 1. One month after the animal introduction in the A3 facility, lesions localized in the inner sides of the lips and gums were observed in one calf (9108). The lesions appeared flat, characterized by brownish erosions in the form of a ring or a horseshoe (Fig. 1A). This aspect allowed the veterinarian to formulate a suspicion of bovine papular stomatitis (BPS). Ten days after the first observation, similar lesions were observed in a second calf (3643) (Fig. 1B) and a biopsy specimen was taken for laboratory analysis.The initial suspicion of BPS was supported by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) performed on scrapings of the lesions of calf 9108. Large amounts of particles with the characteristic size (approximately 320 nm by 190 nm) and ovoid morphology of parapoxviruses were observed. These demonstrated a typical criss-cross pattern of the filaments at their surface ( Fig. 1C and D). A PCR was carried out on the DNA purified from the animal biopsy specimens using the panparapoxvirus primer pair PPP-1 and PPP-4 (7), and a unique and specific band of 594 bp, corresponding to a partial sequence of the B2L gene, was obtained, leading us to confirm a parapoxvirus infection. The amplification products were sequenced and compared, revealing 100% identity between the two isolates. The ClustalW alignment performed to compare the genomic sequences to those of other parapoxviruses showed that the highest nucleotide identity (97%) was found with bovine papular stomatitis virus (BPSV), followed by parapoxvirus of red deer in New Zealand (PVNZ) (85.9%), pseudocowpoxvirus (PCPV) (84.3 to 85.1%), and orf virus (OV) (83.8 to 83.9%) strains. In order to verify the BPSV viability, viral isolation was carried out on primary lamb keratinocytes (PLK) starting from homogenized specimens of the biopsy specimens, and after two blind passages, viral cytopathic effect was observed.

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“…For example, persistent and/or subclinical infections have been described for ORFV and BPSV (32,49,58). The high prevalence of antibodies against parapoxviruses in herds and flocks with no history of clinical infections (35; unpublished data) and the ability of ORFV to persist in a flock in the absence of clinical manifestation of infection (49) suggest that persistent or subclinical infections likely play a role in the maintenance of parapoxviruses in nature.…”

Section: Vol 84 2010mentioning

confidence: 99%