Isolation of phenol-degrading Bacillus stearothermophilus and partial characterization of the phenol hydroxylase

Gurujeyalakshmi, G.; Oriel, Patrick

doi:10.1128/aem.55.2.500-502.1989

Cited by 123 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The apparent K,,, values for phenol and NADPH both differ from those of a comparable 2,4-dichlorophenol hydroxylase of another Acinetobacter sp. (BEADLE and SMITH 1982), and also from those of the phenol hydroxylase of Z cutaneum (NEUJAHR and GAAL 1973), B. stearothemzophilus (GURUJEYALAKSHMI and ORIEL 1989) and t? frequentans (HOFRICHTER et al 1994), respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…calcoaceticus NCIB 8250 depended on the presence of both NADPH and FAD. Although, growth on and the hydroxylation of phenol is strongly substrate inhibited (GURUJEYALAKSHMI and ORIEL 1989, JANKE et al 1981, JONES et al 1973, NEUJAHR and GAAL 1973, the substrate inhibition of the enzyme of A. calcoaceticus NCIB 8250 only started to become evident above a phenol concentration of 0.8 m.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinetic data were obtained mainly from polarographic measurements with intact cells because in the cell-free extracts of most bacteria studied the respective enzyme activities were not detected. However, there have been reports of NADH-and NADPH-dependent phenol hydroxylases in cell-free extracts of Brevibacteriumfiscum (NAKAGAWA and TAKEDA 1962), of the thermotolerant Bacillus stearothermophilus (GURUJEYALAKSHMI and ORIEL 1989), of the soil actinomycete Streptomyces setonii (ANTAI and CRAWFORD 1983) and of Rhodococcus sp. (GOLOVLEV and EROSHINA 1982, STRAUBE 1987) but only with minor kinetic characterization.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Phenol degradation by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB 8250

Paller

Hommel²,

Kleber

1995

J. Basic Microbiol.

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Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB 8250 utilizes phenol as sole source of carbon and energy via an ortho-cleavage pathway. The presence of ethanol in mixed substrate cultivations repressed the utilization of phenol. In fed batch cultivation the phenol tolerance was increased at least 2-fold. Maximum degradation rates of 150 mg phenol/(1 h) and 280 mg phenol/(g h), respectively were observed. Phenol hydroxylase is induced by its substrate and in parallel the catechol-1,2-dioxygenase is detectable. The presence of active phenol hydroxylase is strongly connected with the phenol degradation. Using a spectrophotometric enzyme assay the partially purified phenol hydroxylase was characterized with respect to kinetic parameters. The apparent Km values for phenol, FAD and NADPH were estimated to be 147 microM, 35 microM and 416 microM, respectively. Both FAD and NADPH were essential for maximum activity of the cytoplasmically localized enzyme. No substrate inhibition of phenol hydroxylase by phenol was observed up to 0.8 mM. The pH and temperature optima were pH 7.8 and 33 degrees C, respectively. The partially purified enzyme showed a broad substrate specificity. It hydroxylated the three isomeric cresols, chlorophenols and methylated chlorophenols. Pyrogallol, 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine and resorcinol were oxygenated with higher rates than phenol. With the exception of phenol all other enzyme substrates tested did not serve as growth substrates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenol degradation by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB 8250

Paller

Hommel²,

Kleber

1995

J. Basic Microbiol.

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“…Thermophiles degrading aromatic compounds, e.g. BTEX [9] and phenol/cresol [10,11], have been isolated. Although aromatic pathways in thermophiles are not well-characterized [12,13], it is recognized that enzymes from thermophiles are more resistant to physical/chemical denaturation compared to those of mesophiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic Bacillus sp. JF8 capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls and naphthalene

Shimura

1999

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Bacillus sp. strain JF8, which was isolated from compost, utilizes naphthalene and biphenyl as carbon sources at 60³C. Biphenyl grown cells of strain JF8 barely degraded naphthalene while naphthalene grown cells did not degrade pchlorobiphenyl, suggesting the existence of two independent degradation pathways. Isolation of JF8N, a mutant strain which can not utilize biphenyl as a carbon source while retaining the ability to utilize naphthalene, supports this hypothesis. Biphenyl grown cells of strain JF8 can degrade several polychlorinated biphenyl congeners including tetra-and pentachlorobiphenyl. bph and nah probes from mesophilic organisms failed to hybridize to strain JF8 DNA. ß

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“…(Hill and Robinson, 1975;Trevors, 1982;Zilli et al, 1993), Alcaligenes sp. (Hill et al, 1996), Streptomyces setonii (Antai and Crawford, 1983), Bacillus stearothermophilus (Gurujeyalakshmi and Oriel, 1989), Trichosporon cutaneum (Shoda and Udaka, 1980), and Candida tropicalis (Klein et al, 1979;Neujahr and Gaal, 1973;Stephenson, 1990) are capable of degrading phenol at low concentrations. Good removal of phenolic compounds and their chlorinated derivatives has also been reported in biological treatment systems with different physical configurations and process schemes (Chao et al, 1988;Livingston and Chase, 1991;Nguyen and Shieh, 1995;Richards and Shieh, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Batch phenol degradation byCandida tropicalis and its fusant

Chang

et al. 1998

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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Phenol degradation by Candida tropicalis and its fusant, which is produced using protoplast fusion as a selective technique, is evaluated under batch and high concentration conditions. The respirometric data show that oxygen uptake activities of both yeast strains peak at pH 7.0 and 32°C, but the fusant is more active than the control strain. Although the data show that both yeast strains are capable of sustaining discernible degradation in the presence of phenol inhibition, however, the C. tropicalis fusant is capable of attaining better phenol degradation than the control strain and it is less susceptible to phenol inhibition. Under the conditions tested, C. tropicalis is completely inhibited at phenol concentrations ⩾3,300 mg/L, whereas for the C. tropicalis fusant complete inhibition is absent until phenol concentrations are ⩾4,000 mg/L. The observed cell yields of both yeast strains are virtually identical and remain fairly constant at approximately 0.5 mg MLVSS/mg C6H5OH (MLVSS: mixed liquor volatile suspended solids). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 60: 391–395, 1998.

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Isolation of phenol-degrading Bacillus stearothermophilus and partial characterization of the phenol hydroxylase

Abstract: Bacillus stearothermophilus BR219, isolated from river sediment, degraded phenol at levels to 15 mM at a rate of 0.85 ,umol/h (4 x 106 cells). The solubilized phenol hydroxylase was NADH dependent, exhibited a 55°C temperature optimum for activity, and was not inhibited by 0.5 mM phenol.

Cited by 123 publications

References 17 publications

Phenol degradation by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB 8250

Phenol degradation by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCIB 8250

Isolation and characterization of a thermophilic Bacillus sp. JF8 capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls and naphthalene

Batch phenol degradation byCandida tropicalis and its fusant

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