Isolation of Rat Telencephalic Neural Explants to Assay Shh GABAergic Interneuron Differentiation-Inducing Activity

Mady, Rina; Kohtz, Jhumku D.

doi:10.1385/1-59745-516-4:47

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“…Our results are also in line with in vitro studies in which caffeine at relatively high concentrations promoted an overexpression of Shh cultured neurons and astrocytes (Sahir et al, 2004). Importantly, Shh is related to induction of GABAergic interneuron differentiation in telencephalon at early embryonic stages (E11.5) (Mady and Kohtz, 2007). One of the consequences of increasing this morphogen in late pregnancy might be an abnormal distribution of neurons in cortical layers before birth, which may impact GABA neuron migration postnatally.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal caffeine intake differently affects synaptic proteins during fetal brain development

Mioranzza¹,

Nunes²,

Marques³

et al. 2014

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Caffeine is the psychostimulant most consumed worldwide. However, little is known about its effects during fetal brain development. In this study, adult female Wistar rats received caffeine in drinking water (0.1, 0.3 and 1.0 g/L) during the active cycle in weekdays, two weeks before mating and throughout pregnancy. Cerebral cortex and hippocampus from embryonic stages 18 or 20 (E18 or E20, respectively) were collected for immunodetection of the following synaptic proteins: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), TrkB receptor, Sonic Hedgehog (Shh), Growth Associated Protein 43 (GAP-43) and Synaptosomal-associated Protein 25 (SNAP-25). Besides, the estimation of NeuN-stained nuclei (mature neurons) and non-neuronal nuclei was verified in both brain regions and embryonic periods. Caffeine (1.0 g/L) decreased the body weight of embryos at E20. Cortical BDNF at E18 was decreased by caffeine (1.0 g/L), while it increased at E20, with no major effects on TrkB receptors. In the hippocampus, caffeine decreased TrkB receptor only at E18, with no effects on BDNF. Moderate and high doses of caffeine promoted an increase in Shh in both brain regions at E18, and in the hippocampus at E20. Caffeine (0.3g/L) decreased GAP-43 only in the hippocampus at E18. The NeuN-stained nuclei increased in the cortex at E20 by lower dose and in the hippocampus at E18 by moderate dose. Our data revealed that caffeine transitorily affect synaptic proteins during fetal brain development. The increased number of NeuN-stained nuclei by prenatal caffeine suggests a possible acceleration of the telencephalon maturation. Although some modifications in the synaptic proteins were transient, our data suggest that caffeine even in lower doses may alter the fetal brain development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%