Infrared photodissociation analyses
are supported by theoretical calculations that allow a trustworthy
interpretation of experimental spectra of gaseous ions. B3LYP calculations
are the most prominent method used to model IR spectra, as detailed
in our bibliographic survey. However, this and other commonly used
methods are known to provide inaccurate energy values and geometries,
especially when it comes to long-range interactions, such as intramolecular
H-bonds, which show increased anharmonicity. Therefore, we evaluated
some of the most commonly used density functional theory methods (B3LYP,
CAM-B3LYP, and M06-2X) and basis sets (6-31+G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p),
6-311++G(3df,2pd), aug-cc-pVDZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ), including anharmonicity
and dispersion corrections. The results were compared to MP2 calculations
and to experimental high-frequency (2000–4000 cm
–1
) IR multiphotonic dissociation (IRMPD) spectra of two protonated
model molecules containing intramolecular hydrogen bonds: biotin and
tryptophan. M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) was shown to be the most cost-effective
level of theory, whereas CAM-B3LYP was the most efficient method to
describe the van der Waals interactions. The use of the dispersion
correction D3, proposed by Grimme, improved the description of O–H
vibrations involved in H-bonding but worsened the description of N–H
stretches. Anharmonic calculations were shown to be extremely expensive
when compared to other approaches. The efficiencies of well-established
scaling factors (SFs) in opposition to sample-dependent SFs were also
discussed and the use of fitted SFs were shown to be the most cost-effective
approach to predict IRMPD spectra. M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) and CAM-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ
were also tested against the fingerprint region. Our results suggest
that these methods can also be used for analysis in this lower frequency
range and should be regarded as the methods of choice for cost-effective
IRMPD simulations rather than the ubiquitous B3LYP method, especially
when further molecular properties are needed.