Isolation of swine-like influenza A(H1N1) viruses from man in Switzerland and The Netherlands

Jong, J.C. de; Paccaud, M. F.; Ronde-Verloop, F. M. de; Huffels, N.H.; Verwei, C.; Weijers, Thijs; Bangma, P. J.; Kregten, E. van; Kerckhaert, J.; Wicki, F.; Wunderli, Werner

doi:10.1016/s0769-2617(88)80078-9

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Till 2009, only sporadic cases of transmission of swine inXuenza A viruses to human have been observed in Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Spain, whereby transmitted viruses did not spread among humans [14][15][16][17][18]. Then, new inXuenza A (H1N1) viruses emerged and caused the Wrst pandemic of the twenty-Wrst century [19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility of swine influenza A viruses isolated in Germany between 1981 and 2008

Bauer

Dürrwald

Schlegel

et al. 2011

Med Microbiol Immunol

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European swine influenza A viruses donated the matrix protein 2 as well as the neuraminidase (NA) gene to pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses that emerged in 2009. As a result, the latter became amantadine resistant and neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) susceptible. These recent developments reflecting the close connection between influenza A virus infection chains in humans and pigs urge an antiviral surveillance within swine influenza A viruses. Here, NAI susceptibility of 204 serologically typed swine influenza A viruses of subtypes H1N1, H1N2, and H3N2 circulating in Germany between 1981 and 2008 was analyzed in chemiluminescence-based NA inhibition assays. Mean 50% inhibitory concentrations of oseltamivir and zanamivir indicate a good drug susceptibility of tested viruses. As found for human isolates, the oseltamivir and zanamivir susceptibility was subtype-specific. So, swine influenza A (H1N1) viruses were just as susceptible to oseltamivir as to zanamivir. In contrast, swine H1N2 and H3N2 influenza A viruses were more sensitive to oseltamivir than to zanamivir. Furthermore, reduction in plaque size and virus spread by both drugs was tested with selected H1N1 and H1N2 isolates in MDCK cells expressing similar amounts of α2.3- and α2.6-linked sialic acid receptors. Data obtained in cell culture-based assays for H1N1 isolates correlated with that from enzyme inhibition assays. But, H1N2 isolates that are additionally glycosylated at Asn158 and Asn163 near the receptor-binding site of hemagglutinin (HA) were resistant to both NAI in MDCK cells. Possibly, these additional HA glycosylations cause a misbalance between HA and NA function that hampers or abolishes NAI activity in cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility of swine influenza A viruses isolated in Germany between 1981 and 2008

Bauer

Dürrwald

Schlegel

et al. 2011

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…Such was the case during the 1918-1919 pandemic when there were numerous accounts of a farmer developing influenza from his swine or swine developing influenza after farmers were infected (Crosby 2003,Easterday 2003. Since then human-to-swine and swine-to-human influenza cases have been well documented (Kimura et al 1998,Dacso et al 1984,de Jong et al 1988,Hinshaw et al 1978. Today many millions of susceptible pigs and poultry are housed in confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) in the United States and in other countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confined Animal Feeding Operations as Amplifiers of Influenza

Saenz

Hethcote

Gray

2006

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Influenza pandemics occur when a novel influenza strain, often of animal origin, becomes transmissible between humans. Domestic animal species such as poultry or swine in confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) could serve as local amplifiers for such a new strain of influenza. A mathematical model is used to examine the transmission dynamics of a new influenza virus among three sequentially linked populations: the CAFO species, the CAFO workers (the bridging population), and the rest of the local human population. Using parameters based on swine data, simulations showed that when CAFO workers comprised 15-45% of the community, human influenza cases increased by 42-86%. Successful vaccination of at least 50% of CAFO workers cancelled the amplification. A human influenza epidemic due to a new virus could be locally amplified by the presence of confined animal feeding operations in the community. Thus vaccination of CAFO workers would be an effective use of a pandemic vaccine.

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“…The classical H1N1 SIVs emerged in humans as a reassortant (2009/H1N1) and caused the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic (5). The EAH1N1 SIVs have been detected in pigs in many Eurasian countries (6) and have caused several human infections in European countries and also in China (7)(8)(9)(10)(11), where a fatal case was reported (11). EAH1N1 SIVs are reported to be most prevalent in pigs that have been brought into Hong Kong since 2005 (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, genetics, and transmissibility in ferrets of Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses

Yang

Chen

Qiao

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

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Pigs are important intermediate hosts for generating novel influenza viruses. The Eurasian avian-like H1N1 (EAH1N1) swine influenza viruses (SIVs) have circulated in pigs since 1979, and human cases associated with EAH1N1 SIVs have been reported in several countries. However, the biologic properties of EAH1N1 SIVs are largely unknown. Here, we performed extensive influenza surveillance in pigs in China and isolated 228 influenza viruses from 36,417 pigs. We found that 139 of the 228 strains from pigs in 10 provinces in China belong to the EAH1N1 lineage. These viruses formed five genotypes, with two distinct antigenic groups, represented by A/swine/Guangxi/18/2011 and A/swine/Guangdong/104/2013, both of which are antigenically and genetically distinct from the current human H1N1 viruses. Importantly, the EAH1N1 SIVs preferentially bound to human-type receptors, and 9 of the 10 tested viruses transmitted in ferrets by respiratory droplet. We found that 3.6% of children (≤10 y old), 0% of adults, and 13.4% of elderly adults (≥60 y old) had neutralization antibodies (titers ≥40 in children and ≥80 in adults) against the EAH1N1 A/swine/Guangxi/18/2011 virus, but none of them had such neutralization antibodies against the EAH1N1 A/swine/Guangdong/104/2013 virus. Our study shows the potential of EAH1N1 SIVs to transmit efficiently in humans and suggests that immediate action is needed to prevent the efficient transmission of EAH1N1 SIVs to humans.

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Isolation of swine-like influenza A(H1N1) viruses from man in Switzerland and The Netherlands

Cited by 54 publications

References 8 publications

Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility of swine influenza A viruses isolated in Germany between 1981 and 2008

Neuraminidase inhibitor susceptibility of swine influenza A viruses isolated in Germany between 1981 and 2008

Confined Animal Feeding Operations as Amplifiers of Influenza

Prevalence, genetics, and transmissibility in ferrets of Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses

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