Isolation of Template Effects That Control the Structure and Function of Nonspherical, Biotemplated Pd Nanomaterials

Abstract

Advances in nanotechnology have indicated that the passivant and the inorganic surface play a pivotal role in controlling the structure/function relationship of materials. Beyond standard materials-based methods, bioligands have recently demonstrated the production of unique nanomaterial morphologies for application under ambient conditions for multiple activities, such as catalysis and biosensing. We have recently demonstrated that a biotemplate technique could be employed to produce spherical and linear Pd nanostructures in water using a self-assembling peptide framework. The materials possessed high catalytic reactivity that was controlled by the three-dimensional structure of the composite materials. To investigate the effect of the peptide template on the reactivity of Pd nanostructures, an in depth analysis of the catalytic activity of Pd nanostructures fabricated via truncated templates is presented. The new templates were designed from portions of the original framework, which demonstrated unique synthetic and functionality control. Two different reactions, Stille C-C coupling and 4-nitrophenol reduction, were employed to ascertain the effect of template structure on the reactivity of synthesized Pd nanomaterials via changes in reagent diffusion through the bioscaffold. The results indicate that the peptide framework plays an important role and could be used to tune and optimize the functionality of the final composite materials for the target application.

Molecular Docking and Aberration-Corrected STEM of Palladium Nanoparticles on Viral Templates

“…Comparing previous reports of rotavirus VP6, TMC-cys, M13, and synthetic peptides as bio-templates for the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles, the diameter of the particles, structure, crystallinity, and catalytic activity of the particles can be tuned depending of the Pd precursor, concentration, and reducing agent, and in some cases by the reaction temperature [9,14,16,19,38,39]. Our results of molecular docking also demonstrated that the high affinity residues on VP6 helped to Comparing previous reports of rotavirus VP6, TMC-cys, M13, and synthetic peptides as bio-templates for the synthesis of Pd nanoparticles, the diameter of the particles, structure, crystallinity, and catalytic activity of the particles can be tuned depending of the Pd precursor, concentration, and reducing agent, and in some cases by the reaction temperature [9,14,16,19,38,39]. Our results of molecular docking also demonstrated that the high affinity residues on VP6 helped to constrain the size and distribution of Pd particles all over the bio-template external surface.…”

Membrane reactor immobilized with palladium‐loaded polymer nanogel for continuous‐flow Suzuki coupling reaction

“…One of the strategies used for chemical transformations is catalytic reactions using transition metals. Various transition‐metal catalysts are useful for chemical transformations, and palladium (Pd) shows catalytic activity for a diverse range of cross‐coupling reactions, as well as hydrogenation, and π‐allyl substitution . The catalytic activities of nanosized Pd(0) catalysts are high because of the high surface‐to‐volume ratio .…”

Biomimetic and Bioinspired Synthesis of Nanomaterials/Nanostructures

“…Peptides, the secondary structures of proteins, have also been explored as scaffolds for crystal nucleation and growth, and they can be designed to self‐assemble into a large variety of structures ( Figure A–C). For example, self‐assembled peptide frameworks can generate linear, networked Pd materials (Figure A) . A self‐assembled, well‐ordered, flower‐like hierarchical dipeptide architecture can serve as a template for the synthesis of Au nanoflake films with remarkable surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy properties (Figure C) .…”

“…A) Schematic diagram for networked Pd nanostructures formation using the peptide templates. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2012, American Chemical Society.…”