Isolation of the lysolipin gene cluster of Streptomyces tendae Tü 4042

Lopez, Patricio; Hornung, Andreas; Welzel, Katrin; Unsin, Claudia; Wohlleben, Wolfgang; Weber, Tilmann; Pelzer, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.gene.2010.03.016

Cited by 45 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…S1) are related to antibiotic production. LlpRV is located in a gene cluster responsible for the production of the aromatic polyketide antibiotic lysolipin in Streptomyces tendae Tu 4042 [30]. CltP is present in the biosynthetic gene cluster encoding the thiopeptide antibiotic cyclothiazomycin in S. hygroscopicus 10–22 [31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of an MmyB-Like Regulator from C. aurantiacus, Member of a New Transcription Factor Family Linked to Antibiotic Metabolism in Actinomycetes

Wezel

Chiu

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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Actinomycetes are important bacterial sources of antibiotics and other secondary metabolites. Many antibiotic gene clusters are controlled by pathway-specific activators that act in response to growth conditions. Here we present the crystal structure of an MmyB-like transcription regulator MltR (PDB code 3pxp) (Caur_2278) from Chloroflexus aurantiacus, in complex with a fatty acid (myristic acid). MltR is a distant homolog of the methylenomycin activator MmyB and consists of an Xre-type N-terminal DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding module that is related to the Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domain. This structure has enabled identification of a new family of bacterial transcription factors that are distributed predominantly in actinomycetes. Bioinformatics analysis of MltR and other characterized family members suggest that they are likely associated with antibiotic and fatty acid metabolism in actinomycetes. Streptomyces coelicolor SCO4944 is a candidate as an ancestral member of the family. Its ortholog in S. griseus, SGR_6891, is induced by A-factor, a γ-butyrolactone that controls antibiotic production and development, and is adjacent to the A-factor synthase gen, afsA. The location of mltR/mmyB homologs, in particular those adjacent to less well-studied antibiotic-related genes, makes them interesting genetic markers for identifying new antibiotic genes. A model for signal-triggered DNA-binding by MltR is proposed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of an MmyB-Like Regulator from C. aurantiacus, Member of a New Transcription Factor Family Linked to Antibiotic Metabolism in Actinomycetes

Wezel

Chiu

et al. 2012

PLoS ONE

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“…Substitute the frequencies into eqs. (16) to (21), and then the Z-curve parameters can be obtained. For some applications, eq.…”

Section: The Z-transform Formulas For Studying Correlations Of Multipmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Review: The Z-curve Theory and its Application in Genome Analysis

Zhang

2014

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In theoretical physics, there exist two basic mathematical approaches, algebraic and geometrical methods, which, in most cases, are complementary. In the area of genome sequence analysis, however, algebraic approaches have been widely used, while geometrical approaches have been less explored for a long time. The Z-curve theory is a geometrical approach to genome analysis. The Z-curve is a three-dimensional curve that represents a given DNA sequence in the sense that each can be uniquely reconstructed given the other. The Z-curve, therefore, contains all the information that the corresponding DNA sequence carries. The analysis of a DNA sequence can then be performed through studying the corresponding Z-curve. The Z-curve method has found applications in a wide range of areas in the past two decades, including the identifications of protein-coding genes, replication origins, horizontally-transferred genomic islands, promoters, translational start sides and isochores, as well as studies on phylogenetics, genome visualization and comparative genomics. Here, we review the progress of Z-curve studies from aspects of both theory and applications in genome analysis.

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“…High sequence similarity (70-83% for the KSs and 55-75% for the ACP) to the related aromatic polyletide biosynthetic enzymes, such as pradimicin biosynthetic enzyme (Pdm), 8,9 fredericamycin biosynthetic enzyme (Fdm), 10 lysolipin biosynthetic enzyme (Llp), 11 griseorhodin biosynthetic enzyme (Grh), 12 rubromycin biosynthetic enzyme (Rub) 13 and benastatin biosynthetic enzyme (Ben), 14 suggested that the identified minimal PKS (PnxA, PnxB and PnxC) seems to catalyze chain-elongation of a presumable biosynthetic intermediate for FD-594 (Table 1).…”

Section: Conserved Polyketide Biosynthetic Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning of the biosynthetic gene cluster for naphthoxanthene antibiotic FD-594 from Streptomyces sp. TA-0256

et al. 2010

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FD-594 is an unique pyrano [4¢,3¢:6,7]naphtho [1,2-b]xanthene polyketide with a trisaccharide of 2,6-dideoxysugars. In this study, we cloned the FD-594 biosynthetic gene cluster from the producer strain Streptomyces sp. TA-0256 to investigate its biosynthesis. The identified pnx gene cluster was 38 143 bp, consisting of 40 open reading frames, including a minimal PKS gene, TDP-olivose biosynthetic genes, two glycosyltransferase genes, two methyltransferase genes and many oxygenase/reductase genes. Most of these enzymes coded in the pnx cluster were reasonably assigned to a plausible biosynthetic pathway for FD-594, in which an unique ring opening process via Baeyer-Villiger-type oxidation catalyzed by a putative flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent monooxygenase, is speculated to lead to the unique xanthene structure. To clarify the involvement of pnx genes in the FD-594 biosynthesis, a glycosyltransferase, PnxGT2, and a methyltransferase, PnxMT2, were characterized enzymatically with the recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli. As a result, PnxGT2 catalyzed the triple olivose transfers to the FD-594 aglycon with TDP-olivose as the glycosyl donor to afford triolivoside. Surprisingly, in the PnxGT2 enzymatic reaction, tetraolivoside and pentaolivoside were significantly detected along with the expected triolivoside. To our knowledge, PnxGT2 is the first contiguous oligosaccharide-forming glycosyltransferase in secondary metabolism. Furthermore, addition of PnxMT2 and S-adenosyl-L-methionine into the PnxGT2 reaction mixture afforded natural FD-594 to confirm that the PnxGT2 reaction product was the expected regiospecifically glycosylated compound. Consequently, the identified pnx gene cluster appears to be involved in FD-594 biosynthesis.

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Isolation of the lysolipin gene cluster of Streptomyces tendae Tü 4042

Cited by 45 publications

References 90 publications

Structure of an MmyB-Like Regulator from C. aurantiacus, Member of a New Transcription Factor Family Linked to Antibiotic Metabolism in Actinomycetes

Structure of an MmyB-Like Regulator from C. aurantiacus, Member of a New Transcription Factor Family Linked to Antibiotic Metabolism in Actinomycetes

A Brief Review: The Z-curve Theory and its Application in Genome Analysis

Cloning of the biosynthetic gene cluster for naphthoxanthene antibiotic FD-594 from Streptomyces sp. TA-0256

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