Isolation, Purification and Characterization of the Active Compounds from Ganoderma spp. and Evaluation of its Activities in Inhibiting the Growth of the Pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria tenuissima

Abstract

The main objectives of the present study include purification of the active Compounds from the medecinal mushroom, Ganoderma spp. for inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria tenuissima. The antifungal activity of the protein content separated by gel filtration chromatography for four strains of Ganoderma mushroom; G. resinaceum strain Has.AA-8(ON834527.1), G. applanatum strain Has.AA-6 (ON834523.1), G. resinaceum strain 1049 (MN448375) and G. lucidum strain Has.AA-7 (ON834541.1)was studied. The results showed presence of 6,8,8 and 9 inhibitory protein peaks against the phytopathogenic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria tenuissima related to these mushroom strains, respectively. Among these protein fractions, three inhibitory enzymes namely, chitinase, β-glucanase and protease were identified. The results showed the highest chitinase activity and the inhibitory effect were recorded in the fractions 14 and 16 of the protein contents of G. lucidum Has.AA-7 and G. resinaceum 1049, in which, chitinase activity reached 3.11 and 3.06 units / ml, respectively, while the inhibition zones were 1.4 cm for both pathogenic fungi and 0.9 and 1 cm for F. oxysporum and A. tenuissima, respectively, while the highest β-glucanase activities were 1.62 unit/ml in the protein contents of G. lucidum Has.AA-7 which record the inhibition zone of 1.3 cm for both pathogenic fungi, compared to the β-glucanase of G. applanatum Has.AA-6 and G. resinaceum 1049 which recorded the highest inhibition zone (1.4 cm) for F. oxysporum. The results also showed the highest protease activities were 28.04 and 27.75 unit/ml from the fractions 32 and 46 of the protein content of G. resinaceum 1049 and G. resinaceum Has.AA-8, with the highest inhibition zones (1.7 and 1.4 cm) for F. oxysporum and (1.2 and 1.1 cm) for A. tenuissima, respectively. Its clearly from this results, Ganoderma spp. produces a wide range of protein substances that inhibit phytopathogenic fungi, F. oxysporum and A. tenuissima.