Isolation, Purification, and Nanotechnological Applications of Chitosan

Dutta, Joydeep

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_45-1

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…55 The nasal administration of insulin has gained significant attention as an effective route for the systemic delivery of insulin. 56 The pharmacokinetic profile of intranasal insulin mimics the pulsatile pattern of endogenous insulin secretion in healthy volunteers during meals. The nasal cavity's numerous microvilli and highly vascular structure aid in preventing first-pass metabolism and enzymatic breakdown in the gastrointestinal tract, providing a large surface area (150 cm 2 ) for absorption.…”

Section: Polymers For Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nose-to-brain delivery of insulin nanoparticles for diabetes management: A review

Kumbhare¹,

Surana²,

Morankar³

2023

Baghdad J. Biochem. Appl. Biol. Sci.

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Hyperglycemia and the onset of insulin resistance or deficiency, or both, are the hallmarks of the group of diseases known as diabetes. Ultimately, insulin subcutaneous injection is the most effective treatment for diabetic patients. However, most patients must self-administer insulin at least twice daily for the rest of their lives, as this form of administration is frequently uncomfortable and inconvenient. Infections, insulin precipitation, lipoatrophy, or lipohypertrophy are commonly observed at the injection site. To date, nasal, pulmonary, and oral methods of insulin administration have been explored. Although insulin stimulation is the ideal method for diabetic patients, there are several obstacles to overcome, such as rapid insulin degradation in the stomach and limited oral bioavailability. Various strategies have been approved to improve these parameters, including the use of enzyme inhibitors, mucoadhesive polymeric agents, absorption-enhancing agents, and chemical modifications. Insulin-loaded nanocarriers can bypass numerous physiological limitations. The current review discusses the approach of nanotechnology in nose-to-brain delivery of nanoparticles for diabetes management.

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Section: Polymers For Drug Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%