Isomaltulose Improves Glycemia and Maintains Run Performance in Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Consumption of isomaltulose alongside rapid-acting insulin reduction improves BG responses to exercise and produces a similar high-intensity run performance compared with dextrose in T1DM individuals.

Ingesting Isomaltulose Versus Fructose-Maltodextrin During Prolonged Moderate-Heavy Exercise Increases Fat Oxidation but Impairs Gastrointestinal Comfort and Cycling Performance

“…Therefore, the quickly absorbed glucose following ingestion of F:M can be expected to be immediately taken up and metabolised by metabolic tissues, thereby resulting in a similar blood glucose response to ISO despite distinctly different rates of "Ingesting Isomaltulose Versus Fructose-Maltodextrin During Prolonged Moderate-Heavy Exercise Increases Fat Oxidation But Impairs Gastrointestinal Comfort and Cycling Performance" by Oosthuyse T, Carstens M, Millen AM International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism © 2015 Human Kinetics, Inc. glucose absorption. Conversely, ingestion of ISO as a pre-exercise bolus 2 h before exercise (~42 g) in overnight fasted type 1 diabetics produced a consistently lower blood glucose concentration throughout exercise and in the initial 15 min of recovery, compared to pre-exercise ingestion of dextrose (Bracken et al, 2012). However, comparison with this latter study is limited as in the current study athletes participated following a pre-exercise carbohydrate meal and received continual carbohydrate supplements throughout exercise.…”

“…However, euglycaemia was maintained throughout exercise in the PL trial; where hypoglycaemia is regarded as a blood glucose concentration ≤ 3.5 mmol•L -1 (Bracken et al, 2012).…”

“…Ingesting isomaltulose (42-75 g) as a 2-h pre-exercise bolus is effective for maintenance of euglycaemia during short duration exercise (30-45 min) (Bracken et al, 2012;West et al, 2011) without any affect on exercise performance measured as distance completed in 10 min compared with a dextrose bolus, in untrained type 1 diabetics (Bracken et al, 2012). Only one previous study has "Ingesting Isomaltulose Versus Fructose-Maltodextrin During Prolonged Moderate-Heavy Exercise Increases Fat Oxidation But Impairs Gastrointestinal Comfort and Cycling Performance" by Oosthuyse T, Carstens M, Millen AM International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism © 2015 Human Kinetics, Inc. compared the metabolic effects of ingesting isomaltulose and sucrose (66 g•h -1 ) during prolonged endurance exercise (150 min at 59% VO2max) in overnight fasted healthy athletes and reported that 28% of the ingested isomaltulose was oxidised during 150 min of exercise, compared with 63% of ingested sucrose being oxidised (Achten et al, 2007).…”

Low Glycemic Index Prototype Isomaltulose—Update of Clinical Trials

“…Studies in type 2 diabetic subjects reported on decreased glucose and insulin levels including areas under the curve over 180 min after isomaltulose as compared with sucrose ingestion [23,28,29]. Interestingly, a flattened rise of glucose levels following isomaltulose compared with dextrose was observed also in subjects with type 1 diabetes [30,31]. The subjects were able to reduce normal rapid-acting insulin doses by 50%–75%.…”

“…The benefits of isomaltulose on fat oxidation, metabolic control, and incidences of hypoglycemia during physical activity in men with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been the focus of research by the group of Bracken. Isomaltulose consumption during moderate carbohydrate loading before exercise improved glycemic control and protected against hypoglycemia, while maintaining running performance [30,31,36,38]. …”