Isomers of zeatin and zeatin riboside in clubroot tissue: evidence for trans‐zeatin biosynthesis by <i>Plasmodiophora brassicae</i>

Müller, Peter; Hilgenberg, Willy

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1986.tb02415.x

Cited by 84 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This was not due to a compensatory increase in expression of other host IPT genes, as a microarray analysis of control and infected ipt1;3;5;7 tissue showed no change in expression. Müller and Hilgenberg (1986) found that isolated plasmodia were able to take up radiolabelled adenine and make small amounts of a compound that they tentatively assigned as tZ. This is consistent with a small amount of tZ being released, stimulating type A ARR genes expression in the ipt1;3;5;7 mutant but in insufficient quantities to rescue the mutant phenotype by restoring VC development.…”

Section: The Regulation Of Host Ck Metabolism and Response In Developsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…For example, Müller and Hilgenberg (1986) found that extracts of clubbed tissue from Chinese cabbage contained large amounts of cZ and cZ riboside unlike Arabidopsis where the cis forms are minor components. Devos et al (2005) also studied Chinese cabbage and found the zeatin content to be increased at early time points, falling later although they did not distinguish between the cis and trans forms.…”

Section: The Regulation Of Host Ck Metabolism and Response In Developmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because P. brassicae has been proposed to have the capacity to synthesise cytokinins (Müller and Hilgenberg 1986), we examined the expression of the cytokinin-responsive genes ARR4-7 in the hypocotyls of Col-0 and mutant plants 26 DPI. At this time point, ARR gene expression was similar or slightly lower in the hypocotyls of infected wild type plants compared to uninfected controls.…”

Section: Infection Of Plants With Altered Ck Biosynthesis Influences mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the measurement of many CK species, isomers, conjugates and degradation products is technically difficult and many components are either not resolved (Devos et al 2006) or high numbers of biological replicates are required (Devos et al 2005). The pathogen may also have the capability to synthesise cytokinins from nucleotide precursors (Müller and Hilgenberg 1986). Interfering with the balance of CK synthesis and degradation has the potential to impact disease progression.…”

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The role of cytokinins in clubroot disease

et al. 2016

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Clubroot (Plasmodiophora brassicae) is a pathogen of Brassicaceae that causes significant reductions in yield as a consequence of gall formation in the root and hypocotyl of infected plants. The pathogen hijacks host vascular cambium development, and cytokinins are implicated in this process. This paper uses transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate changes in cytokinin metabolism during gall formation of clubrootinfected Arabidopsis thaliana. RNASeq analysis of infected tissue showed that host cytokinin metabolism was strongly down-regulated both at the onset and late stages of gall formation. Expression of host genes associated with cytokinin biosynthesis, signalling, degradation and conjugation was strongly repressed. Analysis of cytokinin precursors, active components and conjugates by microanalytical techniques was consistent with these transcriptional responses. Two isopentenyltransferase genes associated with cytokinin biosynthesis are present in the P. brassicae genome and are expressed throughout gall formation. The impact of pathogen-derived cytokinins on the total cytokinin content of infected tissue and host gene expression was minimal in wild type plants. However, infection of ipt1;3;5;7 mutants that are severely restricted in their ability to synthesise active cytokinins led to an increase in expression of host cytokininresponsive genes. We interpret these results as indicating that P. brassicae can synthesise small amounts of cytokinin, but this has little impact on the host plant as the ipt1;3;5;7 phenotype is not rescued. Intriguingly, plasmodial development was slowed and spore viability reduced in these mutants indicating a potential role for cytokinins in plasmodial development.

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Section: The Regulation Of Host Ck Metabolism and Response In Developsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: The Regulation Of Host Ck Metabolism and Response In Developmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infection Of Plants With Altered Ck Biosynthesis Influences mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of cytokinins in clubroot disease

et al. 2016

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“…The Acidic fraction contain the acidic hormones (IAA, GA, and ABA) while the aqueous fraction comprised the cytokinins. The growth promoters (auxins, gibberellins and cytokinins) and the growth inhibitors ABA quantified using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) according to the method of Muller and Hilgenberg (1986).…”

Section: Hormonal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Moringa olifera Leaf Extract on Growth and Productivity of Three Cereal Forages

Abusuwar¹,

Abohassan²

2017

JAS

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Moringa olifera leaf extract at different concentrations were used to evaluate their effects on three cereal forages (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench, Penisetum typhoideum Rich and Sorghum Sudanese) grown under stress environment of soil and water salinity in an arid environment. Three independent experiments carried out at King Abdulaziz University Experimental Station, Makkah province during 2015 and 2016. Treatments consisted of four concentrations of Moringa olifera leaf extract: (C1 = 1 ml of juice + 10 ml of distilled water ,C2 = 1 ml of juice + 20 ml of distilled water, C3 = 1 ml of juice + 30 ml of distilled water and C4 = 1 ml of juice + 40 ml of distilled water in addition to distilled water alone as a control). Results showed that the higher concentration C1 contained the highest amount of inorganic elements and growth hormones compared to other concentrations. This in turn reflected in significant higher growth and forage yields of the three forage crops tested. Significant increases in growth and forage yields in both seasons reported for the higher concentration C1 compared to others. Fresh and dry forage yields of Millet, during 2016, increased by the higher concentration over the control treatment by 17.67 and 4.87%, respectively. Results indicated the effectiveness of Moringa leaf extract in improving growth and increasing productivity of cereal forages under harsh environment of salinity and aridity.

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Hormonal Changes in Plants Under Attack

Walters

2015

Physiological Responses of Plants to Attack

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Isomers of zeatin and zeatin riboside in clubroot tissue: evidence for trans‐zeatin biosynthesis by Plasmodiophora brassicae

Cited by 84 publications

References 20 publications

The role of cytokinins in clubroot disease

The role of cytokinins in clubroot disease

Effect of Moringa olifera Leaf Extract on Growth and Productivity of Three Cereal Forages

Hormonal Changes in Plants Under Attack

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