Isometric and isokinetic muscle strength, anthropometry and physical activity in 8 and 13 year old Swedish children

Sunnegårdh, Jan; Bratteby, Lars‐Eric; Nordesjö, Lars‐Olof; Nordgren, Bengt

doi:10.1007/bf00417265

Cited by 58 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Despite this, the NC group recorded similar results to those in the study of Sunnegardh and coworkers (1988) for the isometric extensor torque, while the peak torque produced under isokinetic conditions was in some cases slightly more (Horvat et al 1999) and some cases slightly less (Sunnegardh et al 1988) than that previously reported under similar conditions. A measure that is often derived from the peak extensor and flexor torque to provide information about the muscular imbalance around a joint is the flexor-extensor percentage, where the peak flexor torque is expressed as a percentage of the peak extensor torque.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 29%

“…Burnie and Brodie 1986, Sunnegardh et al 1988, Henderson et al 1993) and adults (e.g. Ewing et al 1990, Hall andRoofner 1991), peak torque decreased with increasing velocity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, isometric testing has been reliably used with many other populations of children including normally developing children (e.g. Sunnegardh et al 1988, Kanehisa et al 1995, those with obesity problems (e.g. Blimkie et al 1990), Duchenne muscular dystrophy (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strength, power, and coactivation in children with developmental coordination disorder

Raynor

2001

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Strength, power, and coactivation levels were measured during knee extension and flexion tasks in 20 children (13 males, 7 females) with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and 20 age‐matched control children (12 males, 8 females). Participants were classified according to results obtained on the McCarron Assessment of Neuromuscular Development, with each group including two age levels: 6 to 7 and 9 to 10 years. Tasks were performed on a Biodex dynamometer under isometric and isokinetic conditions with surface EMG recorded from the vastus lateralis and biceps femoris muscles. Significant effects of group and age were observed for the measures of peak torque (isometric and isokinetic) and power, with the decreased power in the group with DCD being more apparent at higher velocities. A lower flexor‐extensor percentage was recorded for the group with DCD but only under isokinetic conditions. From a neuromuscular perspective, the group with DCD had increased levels of coactivation (RMS agonist: RMS antagonist) during the isometric flexion and isokinetic extension actions. Possible causes of the strength and power deficits observed in children with DCD are discussed.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 29%

“…Burnie and Brodie 1986, Sunnegardh et al 1988, Henderson et al 1993) and adults (e.g. Ewing et al 1990, Hall andRoofner 1991), peak torque decreased with increasing velocity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strength, power, and coactivation in children with developmental coordination disorder

Raynor

2001

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Puberty is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood with sexual maturation and includes changes in the nervous and endocrine systems and the corresponding anthropometric, physiological and psychological changes [9][10][11]. During and after puberty, a marked increase in physical performance occurs as a result of muscular, neuronal, hormonal and biomechanical factors [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship among explosive power, body fat, fat free mass and pubertal development in youth soccer players: a preliminary study

et al. 2014

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Purpose Changes in body size and functional capacities are highly individual during puberty, and the performance of a soccer player is often closely related to their maturity status. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationships among explosive power, body fat, fat free mass and pubertal development in young soccer players. Methods Explosive power (countermovement jump-CMJ), body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat (%BF), fat free mass (FFM) and a Self-Administered Rating Scale for pubertal development (PDS) values of 11 ''Giovanissimi'' (age 13 year), 13 ''Allievi'' (age 15 year) and 10 ''Juniores'' (age [17 year) male soccer players were compared. The statistical analysis was performed using an analysis of variance among categories with Fisher's post hoc as appropriate. Furthermore, Pearson correlations among variables were calculated considering all subjects and also within categories. Results Statistical differences emerged among categories in CMJ (F (2,30) = 28.3, p \ 0.01), body fat weight (F (2,31) = 29.2, p \ 0.01) and PDS (F (2,29) = 18.5, p \ 0.01), while %BF values showed statistical differences only for ''Giovanissimi'' and ''Juniores'' (F (2,31) = 3.4, p = 0.01). CMJ showed significant correlations with FFM (r = 0.68) and PDS (r = 0.63), PDS with FFM (r = 0.66) and BMI with %BF (r = 0.71) and FFM (r = 0.71). A high correlation was found within categories. Conclusion Since we found differences between categories and no correlation between chronological age and pubertal status, this study highlights the importance of assessing of puberty in youth soccer team.

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“…A single study (Luk et al 2003) has shown a weak correlation between height with lifting capacity. Studies dealing with the influence of height on trunk strength have often focused on growing adolescents (Sinaki et al 1996;Sunnegardh et al 1988). We conclude that height is a strong factor influencing lifting capacity but the causality of this phenomenon is difficult to explain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

The role of back muscle endurance, maximum force, balance and trunk rotation control regarding lifting capacity

Schenk¹,

Klipstein

Spillmann

et al. 2004

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Evaluation of lifting capacity is widely used as a reliable instrument in order to evaluate maximal and safe lifting capacity. This is of importance in regard to planning rehabilitation programs and determining working ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of basic functions on the lifting capacity measured by the progressive isoinertial lifting evaluation (PILE) and the functional capacity evaluation (FCE) tests in a lower (floor to waist) and an upper (waist to shoulder) setting and compare the two test constructs. Seventy-four female subjects without acute low back pain underwent an examination of their lifting capacities and the following basic functions: (1) strength and endurance of trunk muscles, (2) cardiovascular endurance, (3) trunk mobility and (4) coordination ability. A linear regression model was used to predict lifting capacity by means of the above-mentioned basic functions, where the F statistics of the variables had to be significant at the 0.05 level to remain in the model. Maximal force in flexion showed significant influence on the lifting capacity in both the PILE and the FCE in the lower, as well as in the upper, lifting task. Furthermore, there was a significant influence of cardiovascular endurance on the lower PILE and also of endurance in trunk flexion on the lower FCE. Additional inclusion of individual factors (age, height, weight, body mass index) into the regression model showed a highly significant association between body height and all lifting tasks. The r (2) of the original model used was 0.19/0.18 in the lower/upper FCE and 0.35/0.26 in the lower/upper PILE. The model r (2) increased after inclusion of these individual factors to between 0.3 and 0.4. The fact that only a limited part of the variance in the lifting capacities can be explained by the basic functions analyzed in this study confirms the assumption that factors not related to the basic functions studied, such as lifting technique and motor control, may have a strong influence on lifting capacity. These results give evidence to suggest the inclusion of an evaluation of lifting capacity in clinical practice. Furthermore, they raise questions about the predictive value of strength and endurance tests in regard to lifting capacity and work ability.

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Isometric and isokinetic muscle strength, anthropometry and physical activity in 8 and 13 year old Swedish children

Cited by 58 publications

References 14 publications

Strength, power, and coactivation in children with developmental coordination disorder

Strength, power, and coactivation in children with developmental coordination disorder

Relationship among explosive power, body fat, fat free mass and pubertal development in youth soccer players: a preliminary study

The role of back muscle endurance, maximum force, balance and trunk rotation control regarding lifting capacity

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