Isoprenoid Pigments in Representatives of the Family Microbacteriaceae

Trutko, S. M.; Dorofeeva, Lubov V.; Evtushenko, Lyudmila I.; Ostrovskii, D. N.; Hintz, Martin; Wiesner, Jochen; Jomaa, Hassan; Баскунов, Б. П.; Akimenko, V. K.

doi:10.1007/s11021-005-0064-1

Cited by 21 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Rhodopsin proteins are documented to contribute to similar pigmentation in other rhodopsin-expressing organisms (Bolhuis et al, 2006;Gomez-Consarnau et al, 2007). Alternatively, such coloration is often caused by the presence of carotenoid pigments (Trutko et al, 2005), which increases the probability that these organisms carry rhodopsin genes, because the retinal chromophore of these photoproteins is a byproduct of carotenoid biosynthesis (Martinez et al, 2007).…”

Section: Isolate Mwh-uga1 Encodes An Lg1-actrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinorhodopsin genes discovered in diverse freshwater habitats and among cultivated freshwater Actinobacteria

et al. 2009

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Microbial rhodopsins are membrane proteins that utilize a retinal chromophore to harvest sunlight for energetic and photosensory functions. Recently, a group of novel rhodopsin sequences named 'actinorhodopsins' (ActRs) was hypothesized to exist among uncultured planktonic Actinobacteria. ActRs were discovered by mining metagenomic data obtained during the Venter Institute's Global Ocean Sampling expedition, from a hypersaline lagoon, two estuaries and a freshwater lake. On the basis of these findings, and many studies that show Actinobacteria are common inhabitants of lakes, we predicted that ActR genes would likely be present in other freshwater habitats and among the genomes of cultivated Actinobacteria. Using degenerate polymerase chain reaction primers, we discovered an ActR gene present in an actinobacterial isolate of the family Microbacteriaceae. Isolate MWH-Uga1 was cultivated prior to this study from a freshwater pond in Uganda and belongs to a group of Actinobacteria previously identified in freshwater ecosystems. ActR genes were also discovered present in numerous mixed cultures containing freshwater Actinobacteria and among environmental DNA samples obtained from three freshwater sources; a small woodland pond and the Laurentian Great Lakes Superior and Erie. An analysis of small subunit ribosomal RNA genes from metagenomic DNA samples harboring ActR genes suggests that organisms belonging to the acI lineage, an uncultured group of Actinobacteria commonly present in fresh waters, may utilize rhodopsins. The co-occurrence of an acI organism with a specific ActR variant in a mixed culture supports our hypothesis. The ISME Journal (2009) 3, 726-737; doi:10.1038/ismej.2009 published online 26 February 2009 Subject Category: microbial ecology and functional diversity of natural habitats

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Section: Isolate Mwh-uga1 Encodes An Lg1-actrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinorhodopsin genes discovered in diverse freshwater habitats and among cultivated freshwater Actinobacteria

et al. 2009

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“…The M. luteus genome contains genes encoding the various respiratory chain components, including complex I (NADH-quinone oxidoreductase: Mlut_18970 to Mlut_18940, Mlut_11050, Mlut_11060, and Mlut_05010), complex II (succinate dehydrogenase with cytochrome b and a Fe-S cluster: Mlut_04850 to Mlut_04820), and complexes III and IV (quinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase with cytochrome b and a Fe-S center and the cytochrome c-cytochrome aa 3 oxidase complex: Mlut_12150 to Mlut_12120, Mlut_12210, and Mlut_12220). The M. luteus respiratory chain also contains the quinol-oxidase complex with cytochrome bd (Mlut_13220 and Mlut_13210), which is usually responsible for the growth of bacteria under low-oxygen conditions (128). Genes encoding a membrane-bound malate-menaquinone oxidoreductase (Mlut_08440) and transmembrane L-lactate-menaquinone oxidoreductase (Mlut_21510) are present, and the corresponding activities have been demonstrated experimentally in isolated membrane particles (5).…”

Section: Sequence Of M Luteus Fleming Strain 851mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Sequence of the Fleming Strain of Micrococcus luteus , a Simple Free-Living Actinobacterium

et al. 2010

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Micrococcus luteus (NCTC2665, "Fleming strain") has one of the smallest genomes of free-living actinobacteria sequenced to date, comprising a single circular chromosome of 2,501,097 bp (G؉C content, 73%) predicted to encode 2,403 proteins. The genome shows extensive synteny with that of the closely related organism, Kocuria rhizophila, from which it was taxonomically separated relatively recently. Despite its small size, the genome harbors 73 insertion sequence (IS) elements, almost all of which are closely related to elements found in other actinobacteria. An IS element is inserted into the rrs gene of one of only two rrn operons found in M. luteus. The genome encodes only four sigma factors and 14 response regulators, a finding indicative of adaptation to a rather strict ecological niche (mammalian skin). The high sensitivity of M. luteus to ␤-lactam antibiotics may result from the presence of a reduced set of penicillin-binding proteins and the absence of a wblC gene, which plays an important role in the antibiotic resistance in other actinobacteria. Consistent with the restricted range of compounds it can use as a sole source of carbon for energy and growth, M. luteus has a minimal complement of genes concerned with carbohydrate transport and metabolism and its inability to utilize glucose as a sole carbon source may be due to the apparent absence of a gene encoding glucokinase. Uniquely among characterized bacteria, M. luteus appears to be able to metabolize glycogen only via trehalose and to make trehalose only via glycogen. It has very few genes associated with secondary metabolism. In contrast to most other actinobacteria, M. luteus encodes only one resuscitation-promoting factor (Rpf) required for emergence from dormancy, and its complement of other dormancy-related proteins is also much reduced. M. luteus is capable of long-chain alkene biosynthesis, which is of interest for advanced biofuel production; a three-gene cluster essential for this metabolism has been identified in the genome.Micrococcus luteus, the type species of the genus Micrococcus (family Micrococcaceae, order Actinomycetales) (117), is an obligate aerobe. Three biovars have been distinguished (138). Its simple, coccoid morphology delayed the recognition of its relationship to actinomycetes, which are typically morphologically more complex. In the currently accepted phylogenetic tree of the actinobacteria, Micrococcus clusters with Arthrobacter and Renibacterium. Some other coccoid actinobacteria originally also called Micrococcus, but reclassified into four new genera (Kocuria, Nesterenkonia, Kytococcus, and Dermacoccus), are more distant relatives (121). The genus Micrococcus now includes only five species: M. luteus, M. lylae, M. antarcticus, M. endophyticus, and M. flavus (20, 69, 70, 121).We report here the genome sequence of Micrococcus luteus NCTC2665 (DSM 20030 T ), a strain of historical interest, since Fleming used it to demonstrate bacteriolytic activity (due to lysozyme) in a variety of body tissues and secretions (29,3...

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“…colony colours of related species) tend to change and depend on the growth conditions. Growth on agar media supplemented with vitamins, Casitone (milk) and yeast extract, as well as incubation in full daylight, often induce or enhance pigment formation (Koyama et al, 1974;Vidaver & Davis, 1988;Holt & Krieg, 1994;Trutko et al, 2005). Attention must be paid to controlling pH values since deviations from a given pH may markedly alter the colony colour (Turner & Messenger, 1986).…”

Section: Cultural and Biochemical Criteria Colony Appearancementioning

confidence: 99%

Proposed minimal standards for describing new genera and species of the suborder Micrococcineae

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et al. 2009

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLO

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Isoprenoid Pigments in Representatives of the Family Microbacteriaceae

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Actinorhodopsin genes discovered in diverse freshwater habitats and among cultivated freshwater Actinobacteria

Actinorhodopsin genes discovered in diverse freshwater habitats and among cultivated freshwater Actinobacteria

Genome Sequence of the Fleming Strain of Micrococcus luteus , a Simple Free-Living Actinobacterium

Proposed minimal standards for describing new genera and species of the suborder Micrococcineae

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