Isopropyl alcohol

Abstract

Note: 1 he roxicology Update represents a brief review o f an often extensive literature base. Only some of the directly related references may be included ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL Synonyms: 2-Propanol; sec-propyl alcohol; propan-2-01: n-propan-2-01; dimethylcarbinol; isopropanol; petrohol; avantine; IPA. CAS no.: 67-63-0. Boiling point: 82.5"C @ 760 mmHg. Color: Colorless liquid. Conversion factor: 1 ppm = 0.4 mg m-?. DOT designation: Flammable/combustible material. Flammability: autoignition temperature. 399°C: flash point. 11.7"C (closed CUP): LEL. 2.5%; UEL, 12.0%. Melting point: -88.5"C. Molecular formula: C3Hx0. Molecular weight: 60.09. Odor: threshold. 90 nig m-.3; recognition. 4@200 ppm (98-490 mg m 3 ) ; pleasant odor. Solubility: > 10% in water; log K,,, = 0.05; soluble in benzene. soluble > Reccvvett

Alcohol Gel Ingestion Among Homeless Eastern and Central Europeans in London: Assessing the Effects on Cognitive Functioning and Psychological Health

“…The data suggests that the additional use of alcohol gel could result in cognitive deficits and anxiety symptoms over and above the use of ethyl alcohol only. Given comparable scores on the AUDIT amongst the alcohol using groups, these cognitive and psychological differences do not appear to be simply due to differences in levels of alcohol dependence and may be because the content of alcohol gels (mainly isopropanol in these cases) is more toxic than ethanol (Dhillon and von Burg, 1995). Nevertheless, it is also possible that there is something qualitatively different about individuals who choose to consume alcohol gel; such as psychological backgrounds, high anxiety levels or preexisting cognitive deficits which could lead to increased likelihood of alcohol gel consumption.…”

“…Toxic effects have however been observed in those who intentionally ingest 500ml, although as little as 360ml containing 80% ethanol could have severe toxic effects (Archer et al, 2007). However, relative to a standard beverage of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol is considered more toxic; for example, it is two to three times more potent as a central nervous system (CNS) depressant at comparable doses (Dhillon and von Burg, 1995). As such, whilst effects include altered mental status similar to those of ethyl alcohol intoxication (e.g., headache, dizziness, in-coordination, hypoglycaemia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and haematemesis), isopropanol is likely to induce CNS effects requiring medical intervention e.g.…”

Respiratory failure, lung infiltrates, and hemoptysis in a woman with chronic isopropyl alcohol inhalation

“…The histologic sequelae of chronic IPA inhalation is not well known. Health hazard reports of chronic inhalational exposure reported symptoms of difficulty concentrating, dizziness, cough, and chest pain [Dhillon and von Burg, 1995]. The patient in the above case was chronically abusing IPA by inhalation over a 3-year period to soothe her nerves and help her sleep.…”

Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Propan-2-ol as a carrier solvent for Flavourings

“…Toxicological data on propan-2-ol have been reviewed by JECFA (1970), IARC (1977), WHO (1990), Dhillon and Von Burg (1995), Kapp et al (1996) andJECFA (1999). Following the last evaluation of propan-2-ol as an extraction solvent for food by the SCF (1991), new data have become available.…”