Isoscalar multipole strength inCd110andCd116

Abstract

The giant resonance region from 10 MeVϽ E x Ͻ 55 MeV in

Isoscalar giant resonances for nuclei with mass between 56 and 60

“…The GMR energies in 56 Fe and 60 Ni are in excellent agreement with calculation for interactions for which K NM ∼ 211-217 MeV. This is also consistent with the results in the study of isotopic dependence of monopole energies [9]. However, this is somewhat lower than K NM ∼ 231 MeV, suggested by energies for a number of other nuclei [3].…”

“…With the availability of a large amount of data over a wide range of A (12 A 208), we have also studied the mass dependence of the GMR [3,8]. In heavy nuclei (A 110), the shape of GMR strength distribution is typically symmetric (Gaussian-like) [9]. In 90 Zr, the shape changes to mostly symmetric with a tail on the high excitation side of the GMR [3].…”

Giant resonances inTi46,48

“…E0 strength in both nuclei is concentrated in a Gaussian-like peak that tailed to higher excitation. Such tailing was not observed for heavier targets [22,23], but has been observed and predicted in 58 Ni [6,24] and 90 Zr [25,26] and might be an indication of a fragmentation of the strength. The E2 strength in 46,48 Ti was centered at 16.38 + 0.17/−0.14 MeV and 16.94 + 0.17/−0.14 MeV and exhausted 60±11% and 87±11% of the E2 EWSR, respectively.…”

“…The strength distribution was spread from 10 MeV through around 38 MeV. The E1 strength consists of two components which have been observed from light to heavy nuclei [5,8,22,23,28]. The high-energy component is the compression mode [29], while it has been suggested that the low-energy component might be a "toroidal giant dipole mode" [30,31].…”

Isoscalar giant resonances inCa48

“…In recent years, studies of the isotope dependence and the extraction of the symmetry term K sym have been mostly concentrated in heavy nuclei [13][14][15], especially in Sn isotopes where the neutron excess ratio (N-Z)/A value changes from 0.107 in 112 Sn to 0.194 in 124 Sn. This gives a relative large deviation in the isotope dependence.…”