Isothermal formation of the ?-phase after phase hardening in ferromanganese alloys

Bogachev, I. N.; Egolaev, V. F.; Малинов, Л. С.

doi:10.1007/bf00657610

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The calculated T 0 values are plotted together with experimental M s (hcp martensite start) and A s (austenite start) temperatures in figure 4 [1, 5, 9, 12, 13, 15, 21, 32, 37, 38, 39, 40]. Thermodynamic parameters to calculate T 0 were adopted from [26] where the parameters were optimized over T 0 temperatures determined by averaging the experimental M s and A s temperatures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermo-mechanical correlation with driving forces for hcp martensite and twin formations in the Fe–Mn–C system exhibiting multicomposition sets

Nakano

2013

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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The thermodynamic properties of the Fe–Mn–C system were investigated by using an analytical model constructed by a CALPHAD approach. The stacking fault energy (SFE) of the fcc structure with respect to the hcp phase was always constant at T0, independent of the composition and temperature when other related parameters were assumed to be constant. Experimental limits for the thermal hcp formation and the mechanical (deformation-induced) hcp formation were separated by the SFE at T0. The driving force for the fcc to hcp transition, defined as a dimensionless value –dGm/(RT), was determined in the presence of Fe-rich and Mn-rich composition sets in each phase. Carbon tended to partition to the Mn-rich phase rather than to the Fe-rich phase for the compositions studied. The results obtained revealed a thermo-mechanical correlation with empirical yield strength, maximum true stress and maximum true strain. The proportionality between thermodynamics and mechanical properties is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A thermo-mechanical correlation with driving forces for hcp martensite and twin formations in the Fe–Mn–C system exhibiting multicomposition sets

Nakano

2013

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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“…A turning-point of the 'σ-ε' curve corresponded to a strain of 5%, coinciding with the beginning of the twinning process and decreasing the strain hardening coefficient (θ) (discussed in detail below). In many papers [1,20,24,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62], the high hardenability of the Hadfield steel was highlighted when studying the mechanical properties of both poly [1,20,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61] and single crystals [1,20,24,[59][60][61][62]. At the same time, high values of the strain hardening coefficient (θ) and the linear nature of the 'σ-ε' dependence of the 110G13 Hadfield steel were associated with both sliding deformation and mechanical twinning.…”

Section: The 'σ-ε' and 'θ-ε' Dependencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hadfield steel possesses a good combination of strength, ductility and tribological properties [1][2][3]. Hence, it is widely applied as a structural material in a variety of industries for the manufacture of armor products, hammers of crushing and grinding machines, teeth of excavator buckets, railroad turnouts, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be noted that self-organizing processes are those in which more complex and perfect structures arise [33]. They are possible in systems (1) that are thermodynamically open, (2) in which the emergence and amplification of fluctuations is energetically favorable, (3) that are characterized by positive feedback, (4) that have a sufficient amount of interaction between external factors that must be accumulated and enhanced by themselves and (5) that possess a sufficient number of interacting elements [31,33]. Hence, all these conditions are met by the deformation processes occurring in Hadfield steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship of Internal Stress Fields with Self-Organization Processes in Hadfield Steel under Tensile Load

Попова

Slobodyan

Klopotov

et al. 2023

Metals

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The effect of tensile strains on the microstructure of Hadfield steel was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Stages of the obtained stress–strain curves were observed, and correlated well with the evolution of the dislocation substructure. Based on an analysis of TEM images, quantitative parameters were determined, such as the material volume fractions, in which slip and twinning occurred, as well as twinning, which developed in one, two and three systems. Some transformation mechanisms were reported that caused great hardening of Hadfield steel. In particular, a complex defect substructure formed in a self-organized manner due to the formation of cells, the dislocations retarded by their walls, as well as the deceleration of dislocations on twins and, vice versa, of twins on dislocations. These factors affected both the average and excess local density of dislocations. Additionally, they resulted in elastic stress fields, which manifested themselves in the curvature–torsion gradient of the crystal lattice. A high level of stresses caused by solid-solution strengthening prevented the relaxation of elastic ones, contributing to the strain hardening of the Hadfield steel.

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The mechanical properties and wear resistance of high-manganese steels containing chromium and vanadium

Попов¹,

Popov²

1972

Met Sci Heat Treat

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Isothermal formation of the ?-phase after phase hardening in ferromanganese alloys

Cited by 3 publications

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A thermo-mechanical correlation with driving forces for hcp martensite and twin formations in the Fe–Mn–C system exhibiting multicomposition sets

A thermo-mechanical correlation with driving forces for hcp martensite and twin formations in the Fe–Mn–C system exhibiting multicomposition sets

Relationship of Internal Stress Fields with Self-Organization Processes in Hadfield Steel under Tensile Load

The mechanical properties and wear resistance of high-manganese steels containing chromium and vanadium

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