Isotope abundance of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ta</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mrow><mml:mn>180</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:mmultiscripts><mml:msup><mml:mi /><mml:mrow><mml:mi fontstyle="normal">m</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>and<i>p</i>-process nucleosynthesis

Laeter, J. R. De; Bukilic, N.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.72.025801

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The Commission has changed the recommended value for the standard atomic weight of tantalum to A r (Ta) = 180.947 875(8) based on a recent measurement by de Laeter and Bukilic [13]. The linearity of the mass spectrometer was verified using a certified potassium reference material (NIST 985), and instrumental fractionation of the amounts of isotopes of tantalum was corrected using a certified rhenium isotopic reference material (NIST 989).…”

Section: Tantalummentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Wieser

2006

Pure and Applied Chemistry

418

209

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Section: Tantalummentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Wieser

2006

Pure and Applied Chemistry

418

209

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“…White et al (1955) measured the 181 Ta/ 180 Ta ratio to be 8,120 AE 200, and Palmer (1958) measured the same ratio as 8,546 AE 460. Recently, a partially calibrated measurement of the isotopic composition of tantalum has been reported using TIMS (De Laeter & Bukilic, 2005a). These authors reported a 181 Ta/ 180 Ta ratio of 8325 AE 43.…”

Section: Solar System Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This incredibly small abundance imposes incredibly tight constraints on p-process models of nucleosynthesis. The atomic weight calculated from this absolute isotopic composition is 180.947878 AE 0.000002 (De Laeter & Bukilic, 2005a) in which the uncertainties in the atomic masses of 180 Ta and 181 Ta are a limiting factor in the determination of the atomic weight rather than the mass spectrometric measurements themselves.…”

Section: Solar System Abundancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mass spectrometry in atomic weight determinations

Laeter

2008

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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The 1914 Nobel Prize for Chemistry was awarded to Theodore Richards, whose work provided an insight into the history of the birth and evolution of matter as embedded in the atomic weights. However, the secret to unlocking the hieroglyphics contained in the atomic weights is revealed by a study of the relative abundances of the isotopes. A consistent set of internationally accepted atomic weights has been a goal of the scientific community for over a century. Atomic weights were originally determined by chemical stoichiometry--the so-called "Harvard Method," but this methodology has now been superseded by the "physical method," in which the isotopic composition and atomic masses of the isotopes comprising an element are used to calculate the atomic weight with far greater accuracy than before. The role of mass spectrometry in atomic weight determinations was initiated by the discovery of isotopes by Thomson, and established by the pioneering work of Aston, Dempster, and Nier using sophisticated mass spectrographs. The advent of the sector field mass spectrometer in 1947, revolutionized the application of mass spectrometry for both solids and gases to other fields of science including atomic weights. Subsequently, technological advances in mass spectrometry have enabled atomic masses to be determined with an accuracy better than one part in 10(7), whilst the absolute isotopic composition of many elements has been determined to produce accurate values of their atomic weights. Conversely, those same technological developments have revealed significant variations in the isotope abundances of many elements caused by a variety of physiochemical mechanisms in natural materials. Although these variations were initially seen as an impediment to the accuracy with which atomic weights could be determined, it was quickly realized that nature had provided a new tool to investigate physiochemical and biogeochemical mechanisms in nature, which could be exploited by precise and accurate isotopic measurements. Atomic weights can no longer be regarded as constants of nature, except for the monoisotopic elements whose atomic weights are determined solely by the relative atomic mass of that nuclide. Stable isotope geochemists developed mass spectrometric protocols by the adoption of internationally accepted reference materials for the light elements, to which measurements from various laboratories could be compared. Subsequently, a number of heavy elements such as iron, molybdenum and cadmium have been shown to exhibit isotope fractionation. The magnitude of such isotope fractionation in nature is less than for the light elements, but technological developments, such as multiple collector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, have enabled such fractionation effects to be determined. Measurements of the atomic weights of certain elements affect the determination of important fundamental constants such as the Avogadro Constant, the Faraday Constant and the Universal Gas Constant. Heroic efforts have been made to refine the accu...

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“…Tantalum (Ta) was discovered in 1802. However, it was only in 1954 that it was shown that this element was not monoisotopic, but, instead, it consisted of two isotopes: 181 Ta (99.98799(8)%, [2]) and 180 Ta (0.01201(8)%). Therefore, 180 Ta is the the rarest isotope of one among nature's rarest elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hands on STELLA: 180mTa rare decay search

Dell’Oro¹,

Laubenstein²,

Formicola³

2015

Proceedings of Gran Sasso Summer Institute 2014 Hands-on Experimental Underground Physics at LNGS — PoS(GSSI14)

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This experience at the Gran Sasso Summer Institute took place in the field of the ultra-low background radioactivity measurements. In particular, the activity was centered on the analysis of some γ-spectra of a Ta sample acquired in the STELLA (SubTErranean Low Level Assay) facility at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). Thanks to the high resolution of the Germanium detector, these spectra allowed the identification of the main γ-lines of the 182 Ta decay scheme. Starting from their decay rate, it was then possible to estimate the isotope half-life. This preliminary work takes place in the framework of a wide scientific programme to study long lived radionuclides interesting for astrophysical processes. In particular, the final aim will be trying to detect the (not yet observed) radioactivity of a rare metastable state: 180m Ta.

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Isotope abundance ofTa180mandp-process nucleosynthesis

Cited by 31 publications

References 18 publications

Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)

The role of mass spectrometry in atomic weight determinations

Hands on STELLA: 180mTa rare decay search

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