Isotope-abundance variations and atomic weights of selected elements: 2016 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Coplen, Tyler B.; Shrestha, Yesha

doi:10.1515/pac-2016-0302

Cited by 59 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…The water molecule H 2 O can exist in multiple versions based on either stable or radioactive hydrogen and oxygen isotopes with different abundancies (e.g., Coplen and Shrestha 2016).…”

Section: Natural Occurrence Of Water Stable Isotopes and Snowmelt Promentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here , all stable molecule compositions except 1 H 2 16 O (most abundant water molecule), 1 H 2 H 16 O, 1 H 2 17 O and 1 H 2 18 O can be ignored in hydro sciences due to their extremely low natural abundancies (e.g., CIAAW 2015; Coplen and Shrestha 2016;Dansgaard 1964). Small mass differences due to different isotopic compositions result in slightly differing water molecule velocities and reaction rates, which leads to isotopic fractionation during meteorologically induced phase-change processes such as evaporation (e.g., Mook and de Vries 2001).…”

Section: Natural Occurrence Of Water Stable Isotopes and Snowmelt Promentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of snowmelt as an active and inexpensive dual isotope groundwater tracer

et al. 2019

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The use of snowmelt as an inexpensive multi-component tracer solution for active aquifer characterization is investigated, creating a valid alternative to existing artificial water isotope labelling using enriched deuterium oxide (2 H 2 O) and water-18 O (H 2 18 O). The approach directly takes advantage of natural differences between groundwater and precipitation. It is shown, at laboratory-scale and small field-scale, that a direct injection of snowmelt into a porous medium allows for the tracing of water flow and, therefore, for the determination of transport parameters based on the stable isotope signatures (δ 2 H and δ 18 O) and on the sum parameter electrical conductivity (EC). The differences in the isotope signature between the snowmelt and groundwater applied in this study were significant, with Δ(δ 2 H) = 61.0‰ and Δ(δ 18 O) = 8.2‰, while the EC difference was~0.5 mS/cm. Stable isotope breakthrough was observed to be almost congruent to sodium chloride (laboratory tracer experiment) and to uranine (field-scale push-drift-pull test), clearly supporting the assumption of conservative transport. A crosscheck of the isotope data in δ 2 H-δ 18 O plots revealed no significant biases in the tests. On the other hand, the snowmelt's EC breakthrough suffered from a slight retardation due to ion exchange and mineral reactions.

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“…The water molecule H 2 O can exist in multiple versions based on either stable or radioactive hydrogen and oxygen isotopes with different abundancies (e.g., Coplen and Shrestha 2016).…”

Section: Natural Occurrence Of Water Stable Isotopes and Snowmelt Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Occurrence Of Water Stable Isotopes and Snowmelt Promentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of snowmelt as an active and inexpensive dual isotope groundwater tracer

et al. 2019

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“…For the certain element E, the ratio of heavy (i) to light (j) isotope are measured in both sample and references (Coplen & Shrestha 2016 Manuscript to be reviewed mixture was carried out against the known δ 13 C values of A4 mixture (available from A.…”

Section: Manuscript To Be Reviewedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "13C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish (v0.1)"

Chikaraishi¹

2019

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Background. Stable isotope analysis of single amino acids (AA) is usually applied in food web studies for tracing origins of elements and establishing trophic positions of consumers, but the method is also showing promise for characterizing quantity and quality of dietary lipids and carbohydrates. Methods. To investigate whether changes in high-and low-digestible carbohydrates affect δ 13 C values of glycolytic AA, i.e. AA carbon backbones sourced from the glycolytic pathway, we compared Atlantic salmon from a feeding experiment with and without dietary inclusion of the red macroalga Palmaria palmata. The Control and experimental diets had similar relative proportions of macronutrients, but their ingredients differed; in the experimental treatment, 15% Palmaria inclusion substituted proteins from fishmeal and carbohydrates from corn starch, respectively. Results. We found that 13 C values of the glycolytic AA were highly sensitive to substitution of corn starch with Palmaria. The δ 13 C offsets of glycolytic AA between salmon and their diets were significantly greater in the Palmaria inclusion than Control treatment. This greater offset can be attributed to the different utilization of high-and low-digestible carbohydrate sources, corn starch and Palmaria in the two treatments, and metabolic routing of dietary lipids. In addition, similar δ 13 C values of essential AA indicate similar nutrient assimilation efficiency for all terrestrial (pea protein concentrate and wheat gluten meal) and marine (fishmeal and red alga) derived protein sources. These results show that δ 13 C AA is a promising tool for improving our understanding of how carnivorous fish utilize macronutrient and route metabolic intermediates to tissue.

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“…Analysis was performed using an IsoPrime100 isotope ratio mass spectrometer and MultiFlow preparation system (IsoPrime, Cheadle, UK) according to the ENV 12141:1996. 24 The stable isotope compositions are reported according to the IUPAC guidelines 25,26 as relative differences in the isotope ratios (isotope-delta values), as seen in Equation (1) 25 : (1) The superscripts i and j denote the higher and lower atomic masses of the analysed element E, and R P and R Ref denote the heavy-to-light isotope ratios of the element E in the analysed sample and the reported reference material, respectively. A short-hand notation for elements with only two relevant stable isotopes is used in the text, i.e., δ …”

Section: Stable Isotope Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical Origin Characterization of Slovenian Organic Garlic Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Composition Analyses

Opatič¹,

Nečemer²,

Kocman³

et al. 2017

ACSi

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In the present research, the applicability of stable isotope (δ O) and multi-element (P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr) data for determining the geographical origin of garlic (Allium sativum L.) at the scale of Slovenia was examined. Slovenia is a rather small country (20273 km 2 ) with significant geological and biological diversity. Garlic, valued for its medicinal properties, was collected from Slovenian farms with certified organic production and analyzed by elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry combined with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Multivariate discriminant analysis (DA) revealed a distinction between four Slovenian macro-regions: the Alpine, Dinaric, Mediterranean and Pannonian. The model was validated through a leave-10%, 20% and 25% out cross validation. The overall success rate of correctly reclassified samples was 77% (on average), indicating that the model and the proposed methodology could be a promising tool for rapid, inexpensive and robust screening to control the provenance of garlic samples.

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Isotope-abundance variations and atomic weights of selected elements: 2016 (IUPAC Technical Report)

Cited by 59 publications

References 187 publications

Application of snowmelt as an active and inexpensive dual isotope groundwater tracer

Application of snowmelt as an active and inexpensive dual isotope groundwater tracer

Peer Review #2 of "13C values of glycolytic amino acids as indicators of carbohydrate utilization in carnivorous fish (v0.1)"

Geographical Origin Characterization of Slovenian Organic Garlic Using Stable Isotope and Elemental Composition Analyses

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