Isotope effects on VLE properties of fluids and corresponding states: Critical point shifts on isotopic substitution

Separation of Carbon Isotopes in Methane with Nanoporous Materials

“…The isotopic effect on carbon-substituted methanes 13 CH 4 , 14 CH 4 , and 12 CH 4 is even more diminutive in comparison with that introduced by isotopic hydrogen substitutions. Especially, the molar volumes of hydrocarbon compounds with peripheral deuterium atoms are substantially smaller than those with skeletal 13 C or 14 C atoms of the same molecular weight. ,, Conventional methods for isotopic separation are mostly based on macroscopic processes that utilize small differences in the thermodynamic or transport properties of bulk systems. ,− Whereas processes such as thermal diffusion, gas–liquid chromatography, or cryogenic distillation have been well-established for industrial production of carbon isotopes, these traditional techniques have extremely low overall separation efficiency and often entail intensive energy consumption and high operation cost. ,,, Relatively inexpensive methods such as chemical isotope exchange are not suitable for industrial-scale applications due to extra energy and material costs affiliated with the recovery of the isotopic products. − Despite its superior separation efficiency, the laser-induced plasma method cannot be scaled up to industrial operations because of high cost and technical difficulties related to the conversion of the direct chemical products to those widely used isotopic carbon compounds …”

“…Especially, the molar volumes of hydrocarbon compounds with peripheral deuterium atoms are substantially smaller than those with skeletal 13 C or 14 C atoms of the same molecular weight. 1,10,11 Conventional methods for isotopic separation are mostly based on macroscopic processes that utilize small differences in the thermodynamic or transport properties of bulk systems. 8,12−17 Whereas processes such as thermal diffusion, gas−liquid chromatography, or cryogenic distillation have been wellestablished for industrial production of carbon isotopes, these traditional techniques have extremely low overall separation efficiency and often entail intensive energy consumption and high operation cost.…”

Biodegradable Polymer-Phase Behavior: Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium of Ethyl Lactate and Poly(Lactic Acid)

“…The system exhibits an UCST at T c ) 265.1 K and w PLA,c ) 0.03776. These coordinates of the critical point were calculated using the law of rectilinear diameters (see, for instance, ref 14). First, the experimental data were fitted to a convenient equation (see Table 2).…”

Kinetics and reactive stripping modelling of hydrogen isotopic exchange of deuterated waters

“…Herein, it is not intended to investigate in detail the properties of deuterium and tritium, but instead we aimed to contribute to an open database for these isotopes (D, T), in both hydrogen gas and water forms, to be used for the isotopic exchange process. This database, as illustrated in the supporting document S1, was added to the property set package of Aspen Plus by using experimental data available in literature or predicted by using (1) existing thermodynamic models, (2) interpolation using the geometric mean of well-known data of analogous isotopologues [31] and (3) linear correlation of the critical properties (critical pressure, critical temperature and critical volume), Pitzer's acentric factor and the corresponding-states principle [32][33][34][35][36][37]. The results are illustrated in Tables S1.1 and S1.2 and Figures S1 (a-e) of the supporting document S1.…”