Isotope shifts in cadmium as a sensitive probe for physics beyond the standard model

Ohayon, Ben; Hofsäss, Simon; Padilla, Eduardo; Wright, S. C.; Meijer, Gerard; Truppe, Stefan; Gibble, Kurt; Sahoo, B. K.

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/acacbb

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…The starting point of our simulation is an effusive atomic beam. Collimated sources of Cd have previously been demonstrated, continuously with a capillary-based oven system with a divergence ∼40 mrad [27], and in a pulsed manner using laser ablation [24]. Here we model an oven with a simple single 32 mm long, 1 mm diameter capillary, for which the Knudsen number K N ≫1 at 100 • C, taking a Van der Waals radius of 158 pm for Cd [59], meaning intra-atomic collisions can be ignored.…”

Section: Numerical Simulation Of Atomic Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All attempts to cool and trap Cd are hampered by the problematic nature of the 229 nm light, which is difficult to produce stably at high continuous-wave powers, damages vacuum components and causes photoionisation of Cd [20]. Very recently, a system to trap atoms without using the 1 S 0 -1 P 1 transition light has been reported, with atom numbers in an intercombination transition MOT enhanced by using the 23 MHz wide 3 P 2 -3 D 3 transition at 361 nm and two further lasers for optical pumping [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and simulation of a source of cold cadmium for atom interferometry

Bandarupally,

Tinsley,

Chiarotti

et al. 2023

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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We present a novel optimised design for a source of cold atomic cadmium, compatible withcontinuous operation and potentially quantum degenerate gas production. The design is based onspatially segmenting the first and second-stages of cooling with the the strong dipole-allowed 1S0-1P1transition at 229 nm and the 326 nm 1S0-3P1 intercombination transition, respectively. Cooling at229 nm operates on an effusive atomic beam and takes the form of a compact Zeeman slower (∼5 cm)and two-dimensional magneto-optical trap (MOT), both based on permanent magnets. This designallows for reduced interaction time with the photoionising 229 nm photons and produces a slowbeam of atoms that can be directly loaded into a three-dimensional MOT using the intercombinationtransition. The efficiency of the above process is estimated across a broad range of experimentallyfeasible parameters via use of a Monte Carlo simulation, with loading rates up to 108 atoms/s intothe 326 nm MOT possible with the oven at only 100 ◦C. The prospects for further cooling in a faroff-resonance optical-dipole trap and atomic launching in a moving optical lattice are also analysed,especially with reference to the deployment in a proposed dual-species cadmium-strontium atominterferometer.

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Section: Numerical Simulation Of Atomic Trajectoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of a source of cold cadmium for atom interferometry

Bandarupally,

Tinsley,

Chiarotti

et al. 2023

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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A many-channel FPGA control system

Schussheim

Gibble

2023

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We describe a many-channel experiment control system based on a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The system has 16 bit resolution on 10 analog 100 megasamples-per-second (MS/s) input channels, 14 analog 100 MS/s output channels, 16 slow analog input and output channels, dozens of digital inputs and outputs, and a touchscreen display for experiment control and monitoring. The system can support ten servo loops with 155 ns latency and MHz bandwidths, in addition to as many as 30 lower bandwidth servos. We demonstrate infinite-impulse-response (IIR) proportional–integral–differential filters with 30 ns latency by using only bit-shifts and additions. These IIR filters allow timing margin at 100 MS/s and use fewer FPGA resources than straightforward multiplier-based filters, facilitating many servos on a single FPGA. We present several specific applications: Hänsch–Couillaud laser locks with automatic lock acquisition and a slow dither correction of lock offsets, variable duty cycle temperature servos, and the generation of multiple synchronized arbitrary waveforms.

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Laser-cooling Cadmium Bosons and Fermions with Near Ultraviolet Triplet Excitations

Gibble

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Cadmium is laser-cooled and trapped with excitations to triplet states with UVA light, first using only the 67 kHz wide 326 nm intercombination line and subsequently, for large loading rates, the 25 MHz wide 361 nm 3 P 2 → 3 D 3 transition. Eschewing the hard UV 229 nm 1 S 0 → 1 P 1 transition, only small magnetic fields gradients, less than 6 G cm−1, are required enabling a 100% transfer of atoms from the 361 nm trap to the 326 nm narrow-line trap. All 8 stable cadmium isotopes are straightforwardly trapped, including two nuclear-spin- 1 2 fermions that require no additional repumping. We observe evidence of 3 P 2 collisions limiting the number of trapped metastable atoms, report isotope shifts for 111Cd and 113Cd of the 326 nm 1 S 0 → 3 P 1, 480nm 3 P 1 → 3 S 1, and 361 nm 3 P 2 → 3 D 3 transitions, and measure the 114Cd 5s5p 3 P 2 → 5s5d 3 D 3 transition frequency to be 830 096 573(15) MHz.

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Isotope shifts in cadmium as a sensitive probe for physics beyond the standard model

Cited by 10 publications

References 77 publications

Design and simulation of a source of cold cadmium for atom interferometry

Design and simulation of a source of cold cadmium for atom interferometry

A many-channel FPGA control system

Laser-cooling Cadmium Bosons and Fermions with Near Ultraviolet Triplet Excitations

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