Isotopic analysis of tritiated water

Abstract

iron counters and reducing the source background to 50% and the cosmic background to 0.1 of its present value (advanced model). A further precision increase can be obtained by using a 1.5-mCi source and reducing the total background to 0.1 of the present one (optimum model). CONCLUSIONThe apparatus described previously shows the following advantages: (a) possibility of nondestructive testing of liquids, solid, gaseous, and chromatogram samples; (b) no necessity of sample preparation; (c) no need for highly skilled personnel; and (d) possibility of an on-line analysis. Disadvantages in comparison to mass spectrometry are: (e) lower sensitivity; (f) lower precision; (g) lack of specificity; and (h) necessity for safety precautions, e. and f. may be corrected by the improvements of the present analyzer and g. by a more advanced concept. These will be achieved at the expense of h. ACKNOWLEDGMENTA. Schoenberg contributed basic data and measurements. A. Aladjem contributed through source development. A. Kedem advised on engineering design, and Y.Nir-El in theoretical subjects.

Systematic Study of the Spectroscopic Properties of Isotopically Substituted Water by MD Simulations

“…The frequencies of the peak maxima for all of the isotopically substituted water systems are collected in Table 6, together with the experimental ones. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] It can be seen that the frequencies of the peak maxima, as far as they have been measured, are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. The ratios of the vibrational frequency maxima, ν′ max / ν max , for H 2 O to D 2 O and D 2 O to T 2 O from the simulations are equal to 1.38, 1.37, and 1.37 and 1.20, 1.19, and 1.19 for the symmetric stretching, asymmetric stretching, and bending motions, respectively, and reproduce the ideal isotopic ratios 1.37 and 1.19.…”

“…The ones for the H 2 O + HDO + D 2 O and D 2 O + DTO + T 2 O mixtures are quite similar to those shown in Figure but differ, of course, in the positions of the peak maxima. The frequencies of the peak maxima for all of the isotopically substituted water systems are collected in Table , together with the experimental ones. − It can be seen that the frequencies of the peak maxima, as far as they have been measured, are in reasonable agreement with the experimental values. The ratios of the vibrational frequency maxima, ν‘ max /ν max , for H 2 O to D 2 O and D 2 O to T 2 O from the simulations are equal to 1.38, 1.37, and 1.37 and 1.20, 1.19, and 1.19 for the symmetric stretching, asymmetric stretching, and bending motions, respectively, and reproduce the ideal isotopic ratios 1.37 and 1.19.

3 Normalized spectral densities of the three intramolecular vibrational modes symmetric stretching (solid), bending (dashed), and asymmetric stretching (dotted) of the H 2 O + HTO + T 2 O mixture in arbitrary units.

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