Isotopic assessment of marine food consumption by natural‐foraging chacma baboons on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa

Lewis, Matthew C.; West, Adam G.; O’Riain, M. Justin

doi:10.1002/ajpa.23332

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…Comparatively, our yield was less than that reported by Visalberghi et al [2015] for tufted capuchins (mean = 8.8 hairs per hair trapping event, range: 0-35), perhaps because the diameter and depth of their trap was adjustable to maximize tape-hair contact. At the same time, our yield was also marginally less than those studies that used darts tipped with duct tape (typically 5-8 hairs, but as many as 89 [Valderrama et al, 1999]) or glue (mean = 9.1, SD = 9.3, range: 1-36 [Lewis et al, 2017]). It is plausible that our locally sourced tape was inherently less adhesive or adversely affected by warm temperatures, a concern that others have discussed [Amén-dola-Pimenta et al, 2009, Lewis et al, 2017.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…In some cases, researchers have collected hair using blowguns and darts. This method entails a projectile (syringe or wooden dowel) tipped with adhesive material such as duct tape or glue [Valderrama et al, 1999;Jack and Fedigan, 2006;Améndola-Pimenta et al, 2009;Keeley and Keeley, 2012;Lewis et al, 2017]. An advantage of this approach over other hair trapping methods is that it allows a researcher to target and sample specific individuals, increasing the time-and cost-efficiency of fieldwork.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of a Noninvasive Hair Trapping Method for Extractive-Foraging Primates

Tan

Dominy

2018

IJFP

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Hair is a useful source of biological information. For example, the bulb can be a source of high-quality genetic material, whereas the shaft can be useful for measuring heavy metals and some hormones, such as cortisol. The stable isotope composition of hair is another valuable source of biological information. Consequently, noninvasive methods of hair sampling have become important research tools. Several hair-trapping methods have been developed for use on mammals, but these are rarely deployed on primates in part because their travel patterns can be difficult to predict and because many species are averse to novel objects in their environments. Yet if a species has a natural propensity to envision, manipulate, and withdraw extractable food resources, then a baited receptacle lined with double-sided tape may prove successful as a hair trap. Recently, researchers demonstrated the success of such a contraption with tufted capuchins, a Neotropical monkey species with a high degree of somatosensory intelligence and a proclivity for extractive foraging. Here, we replicate this method in a population of tool-using long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Our trials validate the effectiveness of the method, suggesting that it is suitable for long-tailed macaques and other extractive-foraging primates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a Noninvasive Hair Trapping Method for Extractive-Foraging Primates

Tan

Dominy

2018

IJFP

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“…9000 to 500 BP, with a mean antiquity of 2600 BP. Dates are uncalibrated because of the difficulty of accurately determining the precise amounts of marine protein in people's diets (Lewis & Sealy, ; Lewis, West, & O'Riain, ). The presence of this older marine carbon may bias some dates by as much as 200 years (Dewar & Pfeiffer, ; Dewar, Reimer, Sealy, & Woodborne, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and adult age‐at‐death among mobile foragers: A synthesis of bioarcheological methods

Pfeiffer

Cameron

Sealy

et al. 2019

American J Phys Anthropol

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Objectives: The research explores whether the combined study of cortical bone histology, bone morphology, and dietary stable isotopes can expand insights into past human health and adaptations, particularly dietary sufficiency and life span. Materials and methods: Midthoracic rib cortices from 54 South African Late Holocene adult skeletons (28 M, 24 F, two sex undetermined) are assessed by transmitted-light microscopy for cross-sectional area measurements, osteon area (On.Ar), osteon population density, and presence/absence of secondary osteon variants. Values for δ 13 C bone collagen , δ 15 N bone collagen , 14 C dates, Southwestern and Southern Cape geographic regions, body size measures, estimated ages-at-death from both morphological and histological methods are integrated into analyses, which include Spearman correlations, χ 2 tests and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVAs.Results: There is reduced On.Ar variability with higher δ 15 N (r = −.41, p = .005); rib % cortical area and δ 15 N are negatively correlated in the Southern Cape group (r = −.60, p = .03). Osteon variants are more common in older adults; histological ages at death are significantly older than those determined from gross morphology.Discussion: We found bone tissue relationships with measures of diet composition, but indicators of dietary adequacy remain elusive. Relationships of tissue quality and isotopes suggest that some Southern Cape adults lived long lives. Osteon variants are associated with age-at-death; some association with diet remains possible. Gross morphological methods appear to underestimate adult ages-at-death, at least among smallbodied adults. K E Y W O R D Sdietary isotopes, double-zonal osteons, foragers, pastoralists, type II osteons

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“…Nine radiocarbon dates are available from measurements of human bone collagen of eight skeletons (Table 1). Given the difficulty of accurately determining the precise amounts of marine protein in coastal diets [61,62], they were evaluated for possible contemporaneity through multiple approaches, using OxCal modeling and calibration software [v. 4.3, 63].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

A Late Holocene community burial area: Evidence of diverse mortuary practices in the Western Cape, South Africa

et al. 2020

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Over several decades, human skeletal remains from at least twelve individuals (males, females, children and infants) were recovered from a small area (ca. 10 x 10 m) on the eastern shore of Table Bay, Cape Town, near the mouth of the Diep River where it empties into the sea. Two groups, each comprising four individuals, appear to have been buried in single graves. Unusually for this region, several skeletons were interred with large numbers of ostrich eggshell (OES) beads. In some cases, careful excavation enabled recovery of segments of beadwork. One collective burial held items including an ostrich eggshell flask, a tortoise carapace bowl, a fragmentary bone point or linkshaft and various lithic artefacts. This group appears to have died together and been buried expediently. A mid-adult woman from this group sustained perimortem blunt-force trauma to her skull, very likely the cause of her death. This case adds to the developing picture of interpersonal violence associated with a period of subsistence intensification among late Holocene foragers. Radiocarbon dates obtained for nine skeletons may overlap but given the uncertainties associated with marine carbon input, we cannot constrain the date range more tightly than 1900-1340 calBP (at 2 sigma). The locale appears to have been used by a community as a burial ground, perhaps regularly for several generations, or on a single catastrophic occasion, or some combination thereof. The evidence documents regional and temporal variation in burial practices among late Holocene foragers of the southwestern Cape.

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Isotopic assessment of marine food consumption by natural‐foraging chacma baboons on the Cape Peninsula, South Africa

Cited by 14 publications

References 156 publications

Validation of a Noninvasive Hair Trapping Method for Extractive-Foraging Primates

Validation of a Noninvasive Hair Trapping Method for Extractive-Foraging Primates

Diet and adult age‐at‐death among mobile foragers: A synthesis of bioarcheological methods

A Late Holocene community burial area: Evidence of diverse mortuary practices in the Western Cape, South Africa

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