Isotopic characterisation of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (ecstasy)

Carter, James F.; Titterton, a Emma L; Murray, Martin; Sleeman, Richard

doi:10.1039/b201496n

Cited by 64 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Analysis as described allowed identification of the correct geographic origin of the cocaine in 96% of the cases. In 2002, Carter et al [9] confirmed the 1995 work of Mas et al, [6] which revealed that N isotope analysis presented more discriminating power than C isotope analysis alone. They also went one step further and included H isotope analysis in the study.…”

Section: Irms Of Illicit Drugssupporting

confidence: 73%

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

Daéid¹,

Buchanan²,

Savage³

et al. 2010

Aust. J. Chem.

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This version is available at https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/27574/ Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge.Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the This review paper updates the previous literature in relation to the continued and developing use of stable isotope ratio analysis in samples which are relevant to forensic science. Recent advances in the analysis of drug samples, explosive materials, and samples derived from human and animal samples are discussed. The paper also aims to put the use of isotope ratio mass spectrometry into a forensic context and discuss its evidential potential.

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Section: Irms Of Illicit Drugssupporting

confidence: 73%

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

Daéid¹,

Buchanan²,

Savage³

et al. 2010

Aust. J. Chem.

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show abstract

“…Research into forensic applications of this method has thus far focused on narcotic drugs such as heroin, cocaine and MDMA or 'ecstasy'. [16][17][18][19][20] The objective of this study was therefore to determine whether IRMS analysis of paint samples would be a viable forensic tool. In the absence of any published data, there is a need to establish whether isotope data obtained from paint samples would be of sufficient discriminatory power to be of use in the forensic investigations.…”

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confidence: 99%

¹³C‐Isotope ratio mass spectrometry as a potential tool for the forensic analysis of white architectural paint: a preliminary study

Reidy

Meier‐Augenstein

Kalin

2005

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Paints have a dual role in society, to protect materials from environmental agents such as ultraviolet light, moisture and oxygen, and to make painted materials look more attractive. Variability in paint samples is often due to binder and pigment type within the sample. The most common resin used in decorative paints is drying oil alkyd resin, which incorporates soybean oil and vinyl acrylic based latexes. Traditional analytical methods used by forensic scientists may be able to say whether two paint samples are indistinguishable but cannot conclusively say that they both originate from the same source. To find out if isotopic composition can provide an added dimension of information, 28 different white architectural paints were analysed for (13)C abundance using isotope ratio mass spectrometry. In addition, variations in application, drying time and thickness were also investigated to assess the discriminatory power of (13)C data from white paints with an unknown history. Preliminary results indicate that this method could aid screening of paint samples.

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“…This sourcing aspect of stable isotopes has also been applied to forensic issues, such as determining the pointof-origin of illicit drugs (11,12) and adulteration of foods and alcoholic beverages (13)(14)(15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Microbe forensics: Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios in Bacillus subtilis cells and spores

Kreuzer-Martin

Lott

Dorigan

et al. 2003

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

112

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Bacillus subtilis, a Gram-positive, endospore-forming soil bacterium, was grown in media made with water of varying oxygen (␦ 18 O) and hydrogen (␦D) stable isotope ratios. Logarithmically growing cells and spores were each harvested from the cultures and their ␦ 18 O and ␦D values determined. Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios of organic matter were linearly related with those of the media water. We used the relationships determined in these experiments to calculate the effective whole-cell fractionation factors between water and organic matter for B. O) that form the organic matter of those organisms. For example, isotope ratios have been used to trace the origins of migratory butterflies (1), birds (2, 3), and elephants (4, 5). Point-of-origin information can span several spatial scales. As an example, the physiological differences between C 3 and C 4 photosynthetic pathways, which result in large 13 C͞ 12 C differences, allow one to trace the flow of this organic carbon as differential dietary inputs to animals (6), the transport of carbon across ecosystems (7), and, ultimately, the movement of region-specific carbon back into the atmosphere (8-10). This sourcing aspect of stable isotopes has also been applied to forensic issues, such as determining the pointof-origin of illicit drugs (11, 12) and adulteration of foods and alcoholic beverages (13-15).Continentality, storm-track trajectories, and moisture origins result in substantial geographic gradients in the ␦ 18O and ␦D values of precipitation and, therefore, of local waters (16). Several maps have been produced that show the extent of isotopic variations in waters at the continental and global scales (17, 18). Again, organisms often record the isotopic composition of these source waters in their organic compounds. In trees, for example, the isotopic composition of cellulose is correlated with that of source water (19,20). Similar examples are found in animals where oxygen isotope ratios of bone and blood are closely related to that of the local water (21).We hypothesized that microorganisms, too, should show a record of their growth environment in their cellular components. If relationships between growth environment and cellular isotope composition could be elucidated, it might become possible to draw conclusions about the waters in which the microbes had been grown, particularly for genetically identical organisms cultured in different geographic regions. We used the growth of Bacillus subtilis in laboratory culture as a model system. B. subtilis is a nonpathogenic, endospore-forming, Gram-positive soil bacterium. Because B. subtilis can grow on a variety of nutrients, we focused first on the relationship between the ␦ 18O and ␦D values in the microbial products (cells or spores) and those ratios in the water used to make the culture media. We then tested the values predicted by laboratory model with cultures grown in different geographical regions across the United States. MethodsOur experimental organism was B. subtilis strain 6051 (American ...

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Isotopic characterisation of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (ecstasy)

Cited by 64 publications

References 24 publications

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

¹³C‐Isotope ratio mass spectrometry as a potential tool for the forensic analysis of white architectural paint: a preliminary study

Microbe forensics: Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios in Bacillus subtilis cells and spores

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Isotopic characterisation of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine (ecstasy)

Cited by 64 publications

References 24 publications

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

Recent Advances in the Application of Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis in Forensic Chemistry

13C‐Isotope ratio mass spectrometry as a potential tool for the forensic analysis of white architectural paint: a preliminary study

Microbe forensics: Oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios in Bacillus subtilis cells and spores

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Product

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¹³C‐Isotope ratio mass spectrometry as a potential tool for the forensic analysis of white architectural paint: a preliminary study