Isotopic evidence for dietary ecology of cave lion (Panthera spelaea) in North-Western Europe: Prey choice, competition and implications for extinction

Bocherens, Hervé; Drucker, Dorothée G.; Bonjean, Dominique; Bridault, Anne; Conard, Nicholas J.; Cupillard, Christophe; Germonpré, Mietje; Höneisen, Markus; Münzel, Susanne C.; Napierala, Hannes; Patou‐Mathis, Maryléne; Stephan, Elisabeth; Uerpmann, Hans‐Peter; Ziegler, Rafael

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.02.023

Cited by 126 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The dates were within three hundred 14 C years of each other, with overlapping 95% confidence intervals. Collagen yield was substantial (Table 3), with δ13C and δ15N values appropriate for the trophic level of the species (Bocherens et al, 2011). Interestingly, the radiocarbon date for this specimen falls within a noticeable chronological gap for Eastern Beringian lions, suggesting that some of the absences observed by Stuart and Lister (2010) may be resolved with further sampling.…”

Section: Radiocarbon Datingmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats

Barnett¹,

Mendoza

Soares³

et al. 2016

Open Quaternary

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The extinct cave lion (Panthera spelaea) was an apex predator of the Pleistocene, and one of the largest felid species ever to exist. We report the first mitochondrial genome sequences for this species, derived from two Beringian specimens, one of which has been radiocarbon dated to 29,860 ± 210 14C a BP. Phylogenetic analysis confirms the placement of the cave lion as the sister taxon to populations of the modern lion (P. leo). Using newly recovered stem pantherine fossils to calibrate a molecular clock, we estimate that P. spelaea and P. leo diverged about 1.89 million years ago (95% credibility interval: 1.23-2.93 million years), highlighting the likely position of this extinct carnivore as a distinct species.

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Section: Radiocarbon Datingmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The extinct cave lion (Panthera spelaea) was an integral component of the late Pleistocene Holarctic ecosystem, occupying the position of apex predator (Barnett et al, 2009, Antón et al, 2005, Yamaguchi et al, 2004, Bocherens et al, 2011 alongside the scimitar cat (Homotherium sp.) (Barnett, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats

Barnett¹,

Mendoza

Soares³

et al. 2016

Open Quaternary

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“…Values of carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios are expressed as d 13 We used previously published stable isotope datasets (referenced below) to reconstruct trophic interactions for six independent predator -prey networks from eastern Beringia to western Europe, before, during and after the LGM (figure 1). The three European predator-prey networks include the Ardennes (ca 44.7 to 28.7 kyr BP) and Swabian Jura (ca 44.7 to 28.7 kyr BP) during the pre-glacial, and Jura during the postglacial (ca 16.9 to 14 kyr BP) [36,31,37]. Unfortunately, we have no European datasets from the LGM.…”

Section: (B) Estimating Diet From Stable Isotope Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of climate change on the structure of Pleistocene food webs across the mammoth steppe

et al. 2013

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Species interactions form food webs, impacting community structure and, potentially, ecological dynamics. It is likely that global climatic perturbations that occur over long periods of time have a significant influence on species interaction patterns. Here, we integrate stable isotope analysis and network theory to reconstruct patterns of trophic interactions for six independent mammalian communities that inhabited mammoth steppe environments spanning western Europe to eastern Alaska (Beringia) during the Late Pleistocene. We use a Bayesian mixing model to quantify the contribution of prey to the diets of local predators, and assess how the structure of trophic interactions changed across space and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), a global climatic event that severely impacted mammoth steppe communities. We find that large felids had diets that were more constrained than those of co-occurring predators, and largely influenced by an increase in Rangifer abundance after the LGM. Moreover, the structural organization of Beringian and European communities strongly differed: compared with Europe, species interactions in Beringian communities before-and possibly after-the LGM were highly modular. We suggest that this difference in modularity may have been driven by the geographical insularity of Beringian communities.

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“…The low felid ✏ values in the pre-Glacial (possibly due to dietary specialization among individuals [28]) are similar to those for neanderthals, however prey-contribution results show felids to rely on Rangifer (particularly in Swabian Jura), while neanderthals consumed primarily Mammuthus and Equus. We have not considered the impact of Homo sapiens in European sites, and cannot rule out the possibility that the presence of human hunter-gatherers may have contributed to the observed variance in predator specialization.…”

Section: Spatio-temporal Patterns Of Species Interactionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Thus, we assume this TDF range is the highest that can be applied to these ecosystems. Although 15 N variance is not well understood, the application of this lower value relative to those used for Beringian systems relies on the assumption that the most abundant large-bodied prey are included in the analysis [28]. We acknowledge that smaller prey, included rodents and birds, are not well represented in this analysis (though Spermophilis and Lepus are included in the Jura post-Glacial site).…”

Section: Estimating Diet From Stable Isotope Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dedication. Acknowledgments

2011

The Acquisition of German

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xvii Dedication xixAcknowledgments xx . See panel C. for a scenario where one prey is preferred over another. C. A tri-trophic system, where a top-predator consumes a meso-predator, which in turn consumes two prey. The sizes of the nodes denote relative abundance, and the thickness of the arrows denote the magnitude of the biomass flow. The top-predator in the leftmost network is relatively abundant, depressing the meso-predator population, thereby limiting the meso-predator's e↵ect on the two prey populations. The two rightmost networks (boxed) have reduced top-predator populations. In both cases, the meso-predator has greater abundance due to decreased predation pressure. However, in one scenario, both prey are preferred equally, resulting in apparent competition dynamics. In the second scenario, one prey is preferred over another, resulting in an asymmetric cascade. Such preferences could result from specific anatomical constraints of the meso-predator, a scenario explored in Chapter 4. C 1 and C 2 , and 4 prey: r 1 r 4 ) is represented by both pairwise interaction distributions for each link, and a network-level interaction distribution for the system. Link thickness represents the median link-strength, shown with the vertical bar in each pairwise interaction distribution. B-C. Both model food-webs X and Y have link-strengths drawn from the NLID. In model food-web X, the weights are distributed similar to the median weights of the empirical web (i.e. equivalent structure), but they are distributed di↵erently among nodes (i.e. alternative interactions). In model Y , the weight structure is di↵erent than that of the empirical web (i.e. alternative structure), and necessarily, the distribution of weights among nodes di↵ers as well (i.e. alternative interactions). Dotted nodes indicate those with link-strengths that di↵er from the median link-strengths of the empirical food-web. D-F. Given a single niche axis based on a continuous resource trait (e.g. body size) where prey are ranked from r 1 to r 4 , distributions of resource use are shown for the two consumers. Representations of dietary overlap illustrate higher similarity in diet between predators of the empirical system and model X, whereas the consumers in model Y have little dietary overlap, despite sharing the same NLID. 5 A-C. Sensitivity analyses of the Saskatchewan, Amboseli, and Lake Naivasha food-web ensembles, respectively. Similarity values for each cuto↵ (s i ) for Model 2 are on the y-axis, and the x-axis ranges from a lower standard deviation (SD) than the empirical SD to a higher SD (such that the empirical SD is central to the range; stippled vertical line). The colored data points represent the median similarity indices for each cuto↵ value (legend), while the top and bottom whiskers denote the 25 th and 75 th percentiles, respectively. The underlined values mark the standard deviation corresponding to the highest average similarity across cuto↵ values. For all systems, the highest average similarity is close to or exactly matches ...

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Isotopic evidence for dietary ecology of cave lion (Panthera spelaea) in North-Western Europe: Prey choice, competition and implications for extinction

Cited by 126 publications

References 59 publications

Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats

Mitogenomics of the Extinct Cave Lion, Panthera spelaea (Goldfuss, 1810), Resolve its Position within the Panthera Cats

The impact of climate change on the structure of Pleistocene food webs across the mammoth steppe

Dedication. Acknowledgments

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