ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2022: Diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state

Multiple influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on children with diabetes: Changes in epidemiology, metabolic control and medical care

“…Moving to the other form of diabetes, some studies focused on the impact of the pandemic on the clinical presentation also at T2D onset. In fact, T2D accounts for a significant proportion of diabetes onsets, especially in certain populations at risk, and T2D can sometimes occur with DKA as first presentation[ 46 ]. Chao et al [ 47 ] reported a retrospective single-center medical record of pediatric subjects presenting new-onset of T2D between March and August of 2018 to 2020.…”

Type 1 diabetes in limited resource settings: Where are we and where do we need to go?

“…(BG), and robust protocols for potassium supplementation remain crucial. [7] The cost and availability of BG test strips are more challenging than those of insulin. A suggestion, when BG test strips are insufficient while treating DKA, is to do less frequent testing (maybe every 3-4 h) during the initial DKA management when BG is expected to be high, to save strips for later when the likelihood of hypoglycemia is higher (Virmani et al management of children and adolescents with diabetes in limited resource settings, unpublished).…”

“…Where available, IVI remains the standard of care for the management of DKA. [7] Following resolution of DKA, comprehensive management for optimal glycemia is equally important.…”

Editorial: Diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents: From epidemiological data to clinical aspects

“…Dehydration is, in fact, inevitably associated with DKA and is caused by osmotic glycosuria with water and electrolyte loss. Most children presenting with DKA are in a volume-depleted state, resulting in acute tubular necrosis if it is a severe state; this may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) ( 1 ). It is well known that the early detection of symptoms suggestive of T1D is pivotal for a prompt diagnosis and prevention, in order to avoid possible complications, prolonged hospital stays, excessive costs, and poor long-term metabolic control ( 2 ).…”