ISSR-Derived Species-Specific SCAR Marker for Rapid and Accurate Authentication of Ocimum tenuiflorum L.

Abstract

has been widely used in traditional medicine and has high medicinal value. High volume trade of this potential medicinal plant species led to unscrupulous adulteration of both crude drugs as well as formulations. Morphology-based authentication is difficult in cases of incomplete or damaged samples and in dried herbal materials. In such cases, PCR-based molecular methods may aid in accurate identification. The present study aimed at developing species-specific DNA marker(s) for the authentication of . A species-specific amplicon (279 bp) generated through an inter-simple sequence repeat marker (UBC 835) in all individuals of was cloned, sequenced, and a primer pair was developed (designated as CIM-OT-835F/CIM-OT-835R). The newly developed sequence characterized amplified region marker was validated through PCR amplification in all available seven species of , and its specificity for was confirmed with the consistent generation of an amplicon of 177 bp. The developed marker can be used for accurate and rapid identification of the species for certification purposes and will be useful in quality control of medicinal preparations containing this important medicinal species.

Development, Identification, and Application of a Germplasm Specific SCAR Marker for Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

“…Initially, morphological (Wahba et al, 2014;Moudi and Go, 2017), microscopic (Zhao et al, 2017(Zhao et al, , 2018, or chemical analyses (Luo et al, 2013;Ye et al, 2017) were utilized for herb identification; however, in the majority of cases, these analyses are inadequate to correctly identify plant species (Teixeira da Silva et al, 2016;Kumar et al, 2018). Moreover, these morphological, microscopic, and chemical indicators are easily affected by environmental factors.…”

“…To date, numerous DNA marker techniques, including random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) (Ding et al, 2009;Khosravi et al, 2009;Xue et al, 2010), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) (Li et al, 2008;Wahba et al, 2014), inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) (Shen et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2009), simple sequence repeat (SSR) (Lu et al, 2012(Lu et al, , 2013 and sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) (Ding et al, 2008), have been utilized for genetic correlation, mapping and diversity studies of Dendrobium species. Sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs) are monologs codominant markers that are screened using PCRs with a pair of specific oligonucleotide primers designed from a specific nucleotide sequence generated by RAPD, AFLP, ISSR and inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) techniques (Marieschi et al, 2016;Kumar et al, 2018). Compared with conventional molecular markers, such as RAPDs, AFLPs, ISSRs, and SSRs, SCAR markers are less sensitive to reaction conditions and are more reproducible because of their high levels of specificity.…”

“…Compared with conventional molecular markers, such as RAPDs, AFLPs, ISSRs, and SSRs, SCAR markers are less sensitive to reaction conditions and are more reproducible because of their high levels of specificity. The use of SCAR markers is highly convenient and provides accurate fingerprint identification at the inter-and/or intraspecific level (Marieschi et al, 2016;Kumar et al, 2018;Yang et al, 2019). The natural distribution of D. officinale is often complex (Jin and Huang, 2015), the SCAR markers can play a primary role in distinguishing with other Dendrobium germplasm, which will continue help conservation an utilization of D. officinale.…”

Authentication of holy basil using markers relating to a toxicology-relevant compound

“…A softer version is surrogates that are partially accepted as cost-efficient or more easily available replacements for a desired product. For instance, Vitex negundo is accepted as surrogate for O. tenuiflorum in medicinal applications of Ayurveda, but not as food product [12], while Holy Basil in food products is often surrogated by other species of the genus Ocimum, such as O. basilicum [13]. This accepted surrogation is accentuated by discrepancies between vernacular and scientific nomenclature [14].…”

Development of a new efficient SCAR marker for authentication of Angelica sinensis, an important traditional Chinese medicine

“…Sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCARs); with reliability, stability, facility, and clarity; have been applied for discrimination and plant pathogen detection [17]. Reliable SCAR markers have already been successfully developed in randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), ISSR, simple sequence repeats (SSR), and ITS sequences [18][19][20]. In this study, SCAR was applied on an ISSR analysis of 29 DNA samples, including 6 A. sinensis cultivars from different areas of typical cultivation location of A. sinensis in China and 23 closely related species.…”