The article discusses methods for calculating the thermal state of a frequency-controlled asynchronous traction motor, and provides calculations of the thermal state of an asynchronous motor powered by a semiconductor frequency converter with an autonomous inverter. Methods for assessing the thermal state of traction asynchronous electric motors of locomotives under various operating modes are considered. Computational methods for assessing the thermal state of asynchronous motor units allow you to continuously monitor the thermal state of an asynchronous traction motor and prevent possible emergencies in a timely manner.