Issues of the Sustainable Development Measurement of the Arctic region

Abstract

The article is devoted to the approaches to achieve sustainable development of the Arctic territories. Measuring sustainability is one of the important aspects in the formation of state and corporate policies. Sustainable development of the region requires to solve three issues: 1) to improve the quality of life of the population; 2) to reduce social inequality; 3) to reduce the anthropogenic pressure on ecosystems. The article analyzes two author’s methods: compiling a sustainable development rating of the Russian Federation’s regions, fully or partially included in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, and companies operating in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (Polar Index); development of a sustainable development rating for the regions and companies of the Barents Euro-Arctic Region (Barents-Polar Index). These studies will be useful to representatives of companies and the leadership of the Russian regions to move towards sustainable development based on the “green” economy.

On the role of law in ensuring the sustainable development of cities

“…Answering two other questions, we note that a metropolis is traditionally understood as a superlarge city (in Russia, it is Moscow and Saint Petersburg) and the agglomeration -a new form of urbanization, which is a process of concentration around individual cities of new settlements and old single-industry towns, or involvement in the functioning of the city -the core of the agglomeration of suburbs, nearby small towns and urban settlements (Nikonorov and Papenov, 2016). Mentioning in strategies, plans, concepts, and other documents the creation of urban agglomerations and megacities, the federal legislator does not give their definitions or offer criteria for their formation and existence.…”