IT competency and the commercial success of innovation

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze whether a gender wage gap exists in the boards of directors (BD) of companies listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange from 2004 to 2011. 5We hypothesize that the percentage of female directors on a BD, the presence of female directors on the Nomination and Compensation Committee, the presence of wellqualified independent women directors on BD, the sector, and the geographical region, have an effect on the gender wage gap. The results show that the percentage of female directors on a BD and the geographical region have no effect on the gender 10 wage gap. On the other hand, the finding reports that women's presence on the Nomination and Compensation Committee increases the gender gap in pay, and it is reduced when there are independent female directors who have gained a degree on the BD, and when the company operates in the finance and real estate services sector. In addition, the results also demonstrate that the seniority of the female directors de-15 creases the gender gap in pay, while there is a rise when the companies are bigger and the size of the BD and the return on assets increase. These conclusions should encourage regulatory bodies to adopt forceful rules to mitigate the gender gap in pay.JEL classification: M12, M0.

Shifting intra‐ and inter‐organizational innovation processes towards digital business: An empirical analysis of SMEs

“…Our empirical research, conducted through SEM, confirms all the proposed hypotheses. In particular, our findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between the use of specific ICTs (regarding ICTs information orientation, ICTs communication orientation and ICTs workflow orientation) and the innovation performance of SMEs, in line with the majority of previous studies in this field (Fernández‐Mesa et al, ; Joshi, Chi, Datta, & Han, ; Soto‐Acosta et al, ).…”

“…However, in‐house R&D activities still play a relevant role in fostering innovation, thanks to the high value of employees’ technical skills (Choi & Lee, ). Through internal learning competences, firms improve the effectiveness of ICTs and increase the commercial success of innovation (Fernández‐Mesa, Ferreras‐Mendez, Alegre, & Chiva, ). For example, intranets allow employees to collaborate and share their knowledge and thus they feel more involved in their organizational setting and encouraged to create new innovative ideas (Soto‐Acosta et al, 2010).…”

“…The extensive adoption of open innovation modes is considered beneficial in competing in the current dynamic and competitive market (Laursen & Salter, ). In turn, through developing external learning competences, firms benefit from ICTs (Fernández‐Mesa et al, ).Hypothesis The higher the use of ICTs, the higher the effectiveness of an open approach to innovation in SMEs’ innovation performance …”

The Adoption of Big Data Analytics Among Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises During Covid-19 Crisis in Malaysia

“…The 2019 -2020 coronavirus pandemic is continuing to be the global epidemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19). Covid-19 is affecting 176 countries and territories around the world.…”

Performance Evaluation of Engineering Teachers Universities Based AHP Method

“…He advocates that individual conditions and real behavioral characteristics which are called the competency affect job performance. Many researchers believe that the competency model is becoming an important part of human resource management, so the modern enterprise management should use competency evaluation to predict job performance [4][5].…”