“It's Not Easy Being Green”: Environmental Advocacy and Policymaking in Chile

Protecting Children and Adolescents in Uruguay: Civil Society’s Role in Policy Reform

“…In the following section, I discuss two important variables explaining participation: effective alliance building and successful issue framing. 2 2 These arguments are also developed in previous studies [24][25][26].…”

Civil Society Organizations, Advocacy, and Policy Making in Latin American Democracies

“…In Chile, one person's environmental "disaster" is another's economic "miracle" (Risley 2014a). The Bío Bío River dam project lays bare this controversy.…”

“…The Ralco dam on the upper Bío Bío River in south-central Chile became a paradigmatic case of these destructive forces. Controversy surrounded the "megaproject" from the mid-1990s until the mid-2000s, when construction of the dam was completed (Risley 2014a).…”

The authority of rules in Chile’s contentious environmental politics

“…Thus, Chilean government stands out for its commitments to strong central authority, 125 market-enabling principles, and the authority of technocrats (E. Silva 1996c, Moulian 2002, Stein et al 2005. While some scholars see in these commitments a harmful depoliticization of environmental issues (Carruthers 2001, Carruthers and Rodriguez 2009, Tecklin et al 2011, others see the conditions that put activists and policy-makers on a highly politicized 'collision course' 130 (Risley 2014).…”

“…In Chile and worldwide, communities are contesting EIAs 260 and demanding greater rights to participate directly in EIAs (Glasson and Neves Salvador 2000, Doberstein 2004, Mascarenhas and Scarce 2004, Goldman 2005, Li 2009, Hochstetler 2011, Kolhoff et al 2013. In Chile critics decry environmental decisions based on 'economic and technical criteria' instead of communities' input (Camus andHajek 1998, Larrain 265 1999), but also decisions made for 'political' reasons, such as supporting business, that have no foundation in scientific and technical criteria (Carruthers and Rodriguez 2009, Costa Cordella 2012, Cuadra Montoya 2012, Sepulveda and Villarroel 2012, Risley 2014. Whether the problem is too much or too little reliance on 'technical criteria', these activists and 270 scholars advocate for increased citizen control of EIA decisions, exemplified by demands for mandatory or legally binding participation (Cuadra Montoya 2012, Sepulveda andVillarroel 2012, p. 193).…”