It’s Splitsville: Why Animal Ethics and Environmental Ethics Are Incompatible

Faria, Cátia; Paez, Eze

doi:10.1177/0002764219830467

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The main contraposition is probably between pure environmental organizations such as Legambiente, or WWF, on the one hand, and the animal welfare ones such as LAV, Animal Equality, and Essere Animali on the other hand, with GreenPeace in the middle. Such contraposition can be summarized in a greater focus on animals as a species or on animals as individuals (Almiron, 2019;Bertuzzi, 2018aBertuzzi, , 2018bBertuzzi, , 2019Faria & Paez, 2019). However, a more general common ideological reference remains across the entire subarea: I refer to the absolute trust in formal politics and representative democracy and the idea that the best way to improve environmental issues is by reforming the current political/economic system.…”

Section: Identities: a Generational One?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Generations and the Italian Environmental Movement(s): Innovative Youth Activism and the Permanence of Collective Actors

Bertuzzi

2019

American Behavioral Scientist

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During recent years, Italian social movements have experienced a period of crisis, in part due to diffuse antipolitical feelings and latent social conflict. However, environmental issues and especially territorial mobilizations remain relevant, due to the appearance of new contentious actors and to the permanence of long-standing organizations and important local grassroots campaigns. Based on 19 semistructured interviews with activists belonging to informal groups and formal associations, this article discusses the role of age and generations within the variegated Italian environmental archipelago, in which organizational and collective aspects prove to currently have a relevant role. Indeed, age does not represent an important fracture, representing a partial anomaly if confronted with the other case studies discussed in this special issue. The only diversities between cohorts are related to the forms of action preferred and (eventually) adopted, while the common perception of job precariousness among young activists is not translated into a single frame and common path of resistance. More than a Millennials’ identity, it is rather appropriate to speak of various and divergent political generations: individuals belonging to different cohorts share some ideologies and visions of the world, especially related to territorial belongings or to specific ways of looking at environmental issues. Also for this reason, a final comparison between contemporary young activists and those of previous generations is proposed to address the generation(s) in movement(s) in a dynamic perspective.

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Section: Identities: a Generational One?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Generations and the Italian Environmental Movement(s): Innovative Youth Activism and the Permanence of Collective Actors

Bertuzzi

2019

American Behavioral Scientist

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“…Environmental ethics places greater emphasis on populations, ecosystems and ecological processes. A major point of contention is the criteria for moral considerability and how to value nature, where some see the two ethical orientations as fundamentally incompatible (e.g., Singer, 1975;Faria and Paez, 2019), while others try to find some common ground (e.g., Callicott, 1988). For example, both schools of thought are often perceived as convergent fields collectively aiming to counter moral anthropocentrism, i.e., the notion that human interests should always be favoured over non-human interests.…”

Section: Value Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coexistence Potential of Different Wildlife Conservation Frameworks in a Historical Perspective

Kaltenborn

Linnell

2022

Front. Conserv. Sci.

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Wildlife management in contemporary society means balancing multiple demands in shared landscapes. Perhaps the greatest question facing today's policy makers and wildlife professionals is how to develop frameworks for coexistence between wildlife and the plethora of other land use interests. As a profession, the roots of wildlife management and conservation can be traced back to the 1600's, but most of the relevant frameworks that have shaped the management of wildlife over time have emerged after the mid-1800's and particularly since the 1960's. Here we examine the historical development of the main traits and concepts of a number of management and conservation frameworks that have all contributed to the multifaceted field of contemporary wildlife management and conservation in Europe and North America. We outline a chronology of concepts and ideologies with their underlying key ideas, values, and operational indicators, and make an assessment of the potential of each paradigm as a coexistence framework for dealing with wildlife. We tie this to a discussion of ethics and argue that the lack of unity in approaches is deeply embedded in the differences between rule-based (deontological) vs. results-based (consequentialist) or context dependent (particularist) ethics. We suggest that some of the conflicts between ideologies, value sets and frameworks can be resolved as an issue of scale and possibly zonation in shared landscapes. We also argue that approaches built on anthropocentrism, value pluralism and environmental pragmatism are most likely to succeed in complex socio-political landscapes. However, we caution against moral relativism and the belief that all types of cultural values are equally valid as a basis for contemporary wildlife management.

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“…The merging of environmental and animal advocacy dimensions is strongly criticized in the literature because environmental theses focus too much on animal well-being and forget animal rights and animal liberation (Bertuzzi, 2020; Faria & Paez, 2019). However, in the netnographic observations of the three ‘no-milk’ websites, we found that the environmental and animal rights theses share common attention towards ethically responsible consumption.…”

Section: Patterns Of Consumption and Motives: Health Considerations mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rather, our research contributes towards addressing these topics’ relevance within the gap between attitudes and behaviors. Concerns about the ethical and environmental dimension does not directly influence the consumption of dairy products because the awareness paid to this dimension is low among consumers and because there exists a contradiction between attention paid to the environment and animal advocacy (Bertuzzi, 2018; Faria & Paez, 2019). Broadly, the influence of no-milk mobilizations is very low and affects a narrow segment of youth consumers who have already decided to stop consuming any food of animal origin.…”

Section: Individualism Mistrust In Medical Expertise and Youth Healmentioning

confidence: 99%

Take politics off the table: A study of Italian youth’s self-managed dairy restriction and healthy consumerism

Morelli

Vitale

2020

Social Science Information

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The last 20 years have been characterized by very different dynamics: massive reduction of milk and, to a lesser extent, dairy consumption; fewer positive attitudes towards milk; no reclaims for affordable, public dairy production; the development of a large conversation about the presumed risks associated with the intake of lactose; and semantic battles on non-dairy ‘milk’ alternatives. These new attitudes haven’t been systematically studied. We explore here the links between milk/dairy consumption, health concerns, and trust in medical expertise. Through an online survey of highly educated youth in Italy (N=378) we have investigated: milk and dairy consumption; attitudes towards items carried out by vegan movements; attitudes towards medical expertise and trust in counseling by general practitioners. Results show that anti-speciesist and vegan movements are very little known among consumers. Data display very limited impact of the ideas and concepts of anti-milk movements within our sample. The results highlight that milk consumption shrinking is due to health concern and an unfavorable perception of dangerous consequences in lactose intake, and additionally to a general distrust towards medical expertise and evidence-based arguments. Indeed, we observe a tendency to self-diagnose intolerance/allergies, questioning the role of physicians and medical knowledge in advising for dietary choices among highly educated youth. The analysis of the patterns of consumption and motives clearly shows that health considerations, not politics, are behind the Italian youth’s dairy restrictions. Healthy consumerism emerges as a concept fitting better than political consumerism for interpreting our results.

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It’s Splitsville: Why Animal Ethics and Environmental Ethics Are Incompatible

Cited by 23 publications

References 25 publications

Political Generations and the Italian Environmental Movement(s): Innovative Youth Activism and the Permanence of Collective Actors

Political Generations and the Italian Environmental Movement(s): Innovative Youth Activism and the Permanence of Collective Actors

The Coexistence Potential of Different Wildlife Conservation Frameworks in a Historical Perspective

Take politics off the table: A study of Italian youth’s self-managed dairy restriction and healthy consumerism

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